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to break down into sth

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1 break down

break down

1) (stop functioning) [ machine] rompersi

2) fig. (collapse) [ alliance] saltare; [ negotiations] fallire; [ communication] interrompersi; [ law and order] venire meno; [argument, system] crollare; [ person] crollare, cedere

3) (cry) sciogliersi in lacrime

4) (be classified) [findings, statistics] suddividersi ( into in)

5) chim. [ compound] scomporsi ( into in); break [sth.] down, break down [sth.]

6) (demolish) sfondare [ door]; abbattere [ fence]; fig. abbattere [ barriers]; vincere [ resistance]

7) (analyse) analizzare [cost, statistics]; suddividere [data, findings] ( into per)

8) chim. decomporre, scomporre [ compound] ( into in); sciogliere [protein, starch]

* * *

1) (to use force on (a door etc) to cause it to open.) abbattere

2) (to stop working properly: My car has broken down.) guastarsi

3) (to fail: The talks have broken down.) fallire

4) (to be overcome with emotion: She broke down and wept.) cedere

* * *

1. vt + adv

1) (door) buttare giù, abbattere, (resistance) stroncare

2) (analyse: figures) analizzare, (substance) scomporre

2. vi + adv

(machine) rompersi, guastarsi, Auto restare in panne, avere un guasto, rompersi, (person: under pressure) crollare, (from emotion) scoppiare in lacrime, (mentally) avere un esaurimento (nervoso), (health) cedere, (talks) arenarsi

she broke down and wept — è crollata e si è messa a piangere

* * *

break down

1) (stop functioning) [ machine] rompersi

2) fig. (collapse) [ alliance] saltare; [ negotiations] fallire; [ communication] interrompersi; [ law and order] venire meno; [argument, system] crollare; [ person] crollare, cedere

3) (cry) sciogliersi in lacrime

4) (be classified) [findings, statistics] suddividersi ( into in)

5) chim. [ compound] scomporsi ( into in); break [sth.] down, break down [sth.]

6) (demolish) sfondare [ door]; abbattere [ fence]; fig. abbattere [ barriers]; vincere [ resistance]

7) (analyse) analizzare [cost, statistics]; suddividere [data, findings] ( into per)

8) chim. decomporre, scomporre [ compound] ( into in); sciogliere [protein, starch]

English-Italian dictionary > break down
2 break down

1. intransitive verb
1) (fail) zusammenbrechen; [Verhandlungen:] scheitern

2) (cease to function) [Auto:] eine Panne haben; [Telefonnetz:] zusammenbrechen

the machine has broken down — die Maschine funktioniert nicht mehr

3) (be overcome by emotion) zusammenbrechen

4) (Chem.) aufspalten
2. transitive verb
1) (demolish) aufbrechen [Tür]

2) (suppress) brechen [Widerstand]; niederreißen [Barriere, Schranke]

3) (analyse) aufgliedern

* * *

1) (to use force on (a door etc) to cause it to open.) aufbrechen

2) (to stop working properly: My car has broken down.) eine Panne haben

3) (to fail: The talks have broken down.) scheitern

4) (to be overcome with emotion: She broke down and wept.) zusammenbrechen

* * *

◆ break down

I. vi

1. (stop working) stehen bleiben; engine versagen

my car broke down at the traffic lights mein Auto blieb an der Ampel liegen

2. (dissolve) sich akk auflösen; marriage scheitern, in die Brüche gehen

3. (emotionally) zusammenbrechen

II. vt

▪ to \break down down ⇆ sth

1. (force open) etw aufbrechen; (with foot) etw eintreten

2. (overcome) etw niederreißen

to \break down down a barrier eine Schranke niederreißen

to \break down down prejudices against sb Vorurteile gegen jdn abbauen

to \break down down sb's reserve jds Zurückhaltung überwinden

to \break down down sb's resistance jds Widerstand brechen

3. CHEM etw aufspalten

4. (separate into parts) etw aufgliedern

can you please \break down down these figures so I can understand them better? können Sie diese Zahlen bitte aufschlüsseln, damit ich sie besser verstehen kann?

* * *

vi

1) (vehicle) eine Panne haben; (machine) versagen

2) (= fail negotiations, plan, marriage) scheitern; (communications, law and order, theory) zusammenbrechen

3) (= give way resistance) zusammenbrechen

4) (= start crying, have a breakdown) zusammenbrechen

5) (= be analysed expenditure) sich aufschlüsseln or -gliedern; (theory) sich unter- or aufgliedern (lassen); (CHEM substance) sich zerlegen (lassen); (= change its composition substance) sich aufspalten (into in +acc)
vt sep
6) (= smash down) door einrennen; wall niederreißen

7) (= overcome) opposition brechen; hostility, reserve, shyness, suspicion überwinden

8) (to constituent parts) expenditure aufschlüsseln, aufgliedern; argument auf- or untergliedern, aufspalten; (= change composition of) umsetzen

* * *

break down

A v/t

1. ein-, niederreißen, ein Haus abbrechen, abreißen

2. fig jemanden, jemandes Widerstand etc brechen, zermürben, überwinden

3. TECH eine Maschine (in ihre Bestandteile) zerlegen

4. fig aufgliedern, aufschlüsseln, analysieren

5. CHEM aufspalten, auflösen

B v/i

1. zusammenbrechen (auch fig), MED auch einen Schwächeanfall erleiden

2. versagen, kaputtgehen umg (Maschine etc), AUTO auch eine Panne haben

3. zerbrechen, in die Brüche gehen (beide auch fig)

4. scheitern (Ehe, Verhandlungen etc): their marriage is irretrievably broken down JUR Br unheilbar zerrüttet

5. fig zerfallen (in einzelne Gruppen, Teile etc)

* * *
1. intransitive verb
1) (fail) zusammenbrechen; [Verhandlungen:] scheitern

2) (cease to function) [Auto:] eine Panne haben; [Telefonnetz:] zusammenbrechen

the machine has broken down — die Maschine funktioniert nicht mehr

3) (be overcome by emotion) zusammenbrechen

4) (Chem.) aufspalten
2. transitive verb
1) (demolish) aufbrechen [Tür]

2) (suppress) brechen [Widerstand]; niederreißen [Barriere, Schranke]

3) (analyse) aufgliedern

* * *

(resistance) v.

brechen (Widerstand) v. v.

aufspalten v.

niederreißen v.

versagen v.

zusammen brechen v.

zusammenbrechen (alt.Rechtschreibung) v.

English-german dictionary > break down
3 break down

vi

1) ( stop working) stehen bleiben; engine versagen;

my car broke down at the traffic lights mein Auto blieb an der Ampel liegen

2) ( dissolve) sich akk auflösen; marriage scheitern, in die Brüche gehen

3) ( emotionally) zusammenbrechen vt

to \break down down <-> sth

1) ( force open) etw aufbrechen;

( with foot) etw eintreten

2) ( overcome) etw niederreißen;

to \break down down a barrier eine Schranke niederreißen;

to \break down down prejudices against sb Vorurteile gegen jdn abbauen;

to \break down down sb's reserve jds Zurückhaltung f überwinden;

to \break down down sb's resistance jds Widerstand m brechen

3) chem etw aufspalten

4) ( separate into parts) etw aufgliedern;

can you please \break down down these figures so I can understand them better? können Sie diese Zahlen bitte aufschlüsseln, damit ich sie besser verstehen kann?

English-German students dictionary > break down
4 break

break [breɪk]

casser ⇒ 1 (a), 1 (c) briser ⇒ 1 (a), 1 (i), 1 (j) fracturer ⇒ 1 (b) enfoncer ⇒ 1 (e) violer, enfreindre ⇒ 1 (f) rompre ⇒ 1 (h) couper ⇒ 1 (h) ruiner ⇒ 1 (k) amortir ⇒ 1 (l) se casser ⇒ 2 (a) se briser ⇒ 2 (a) se fracturer ⇒ 2 (b) cassure, brisure ⇒ 3 (a) fissure, fente ⇒ 3 (b) ouverture ⇒ 3 (c) interruption ⇒ 3 (d) pause ⇒ 3 (e) évasion ⇒ 3 (f) chance ⇒ 3 (g) changement ⇒ 3 (h)

(pt broke [brəʊk], pp broken ['brəʊkn])

1 transitive verb

(a) (split into pieces → glass, furniture) casser, briser; (→ branch, lace, string, egg, toy) casser;

∎ break the stick in two cassez le bâton en deux;

∎ to break sth into pieces mettre qch en morceaux;

∎ to get broken se casser;

∎ to break a safe forcer un coffre-fort;

∎ Religion to break bread (priest) administrer la communion; (congregation) recevoir la communion;

∎ figurative to break bread with sb partager le repas de qn;

∎ figurative to break sb's heart briser le cœur à qn;

∎ Ross broke her heart Ross lui a brisé le cœur;

∎ it breaks my heart to see her unhappy ça me brise le cœur de la voir malheureuse;

∎ figurative to break the ice rompre ou briser la glace

(b) Medicine (fracture) casser, fracturer;

∎ to break one's leg se casser ou se fracturer la jambe;

∎ to break one's neck se casser ou se rompre le cou;

∎ the fall broke his back la chute lui a brisé les reins;

∎ familiar figurative to break one's back s'échiner;

∎ familiar figurative they broke their backs trying to get the job done ils se sont éreintés à finir le travail;

∎ familiar we've broken the back of the job nous avons fait le plus gros du travail;

∎ familiar I'll break his neck if I catch him doing it again! je lui tords le cou si je le reprends à faire ça!;

∎ familiar figurative break a leg! merde! (pour souhaiter bonne chance)

(c) (render inoperable → appliance, machine) casser;

∎ you've broken the TV tu as cassé la télé

(d) (cut surface of → ground) entamer; (→ skin) écorcher; Law (seals → illegally) briser; (legally) lever;

∎ the seal on the coffee jar was broken le pot de café avait été ouvert;

∎ the skin isn't broken la peau n'est pas écorchée;

∎ to break new or fresh ground innover, faire œuvre de pionnier;

∎ scientists are breaking new or fresh ground in cancer research les savants font une percée dans la recherche contre le cancer

(e) (force a way through) enfoncer;

∎ the river broke its banks la rivière est sortie de son lit;

∎ to break the sound barrier franchir le mur du son;

∎ to break surface (diver, whale) remonter à la surface; Nautical (submarine) faire surface

(f) Law (violate → law, rule) violer, enfreindre; (→ speed limit) dépasser; (→ agreement, treaty) violer; (→ contract) rompre; (→ promise) manquer à; Religion (→ commandment) désobéir à; (→ Sabbath) ne pas respecter;

∎ she broke her appointment with them elle a annulé son rendez-vous avec eux;

∎ he broke his word to her il a manqué à la parole qu'il lui avait donnée;

∎ Law to break parole = commettre un délit qui entraîne la révocation de la mise en liberté conditionnelle;

∎ Military to break bounds violer la consigne

(g) (escape from, leave suddenly) Law

∎ to break jail s'évader (de prison);

∎ to break camp lever le camp;

∎ to break cover (animal) être débusqué; (person) sortir à découvert

(h) (interrupt → fast, monotony, spell) rompre; Electricity (→ circuit, current) couper; Typography (→ word, page) couper;

∎ we broke our journey at Brussels nous avons fait une étape à Bruxelles;

∎ a cry broke the silence un cri a déchiré ou percé le silence;

∎ the plain was broken only by an occasional small settlement la plaine n'était interrompue que par de rares petits hameaux;

∎ Military to break step rompre le pas

(i) (put an end to → strike) briser; (→ uprising) mater;

∎ the new offer broke the deadlock la nouvelle proposition a permis de sortir de l'impasse;

∎ he's tried to stop smoking but he can't break the habit il a essayé d'arrêter de fumer mais il n'arrive pas à se débarrasser ou se défaire de l'habitude;

∎ to break sb of a habit corriger ou guérir qn d'une habitude;

∎ to break oneself of a habit se corriger ou se défaire d'une habitude

(j) (wear down, destroy → enemy) détruire; (→ person, will, courage, resistance) briser; (→ witness) réfuter; (→ health) abîmer; (→ alibi) écarter;

∎ torture did not break him or his spirit il a résisté à la torture;

∎ this scandal could break them ce scandale pourrait signer leur perte;

∎ the experience will either make or break him l'expérience lui sera ou salutaire ou fatale

(k) (bankrupt) ruiner;

∎ her new business will either make or break her sa nouvelle affaire la rendra riche ou la ruinera;

∎ to break the bank (exhaust funds) faire sauter la banque;

∎ humorous buying a book won't break the bank! acheter un livre ne te/nous/ etc ruinera pas!

(l) (soften → fall) amortir, adoucir;

∎ we planted a row of trees to break the wind nous avons planté une rangée d'arbres pour couper le vent

(m) (reveal, tell) annoncer, révéler;

∎ break it to her gently annonce-le lui avec ménagement

(n) (beat, improve on) battre;

∎ to break a record battre un record;

∎ the golfer broke 90 le golfeur a dépassé le score de 90

(o) (solve → code) déchiffrer

(p) Sport

∎ to break sb's service (in tennis) prendre le service de qn;

∎ Hingis was broken in the fifth game Hingis a perdu son service dans le cinquième jeu

(q) (divide into parts → collection) dépareiller; (→ bank note) entamer;

∎ can you break a £10 note? pouvez-vous faire de la monnaie sur un billet de 10 livres?

(r) (horse) dresser

(s) Military (demote) casser

(t) Nautical (flag) déferler

(u) euphemism

∎ to break wind lâcher un vent

2 intransitive verb

(a) (split into pieces → glass, furniture) se casser, se briser; (→ branch, stick) se casser, se rompre; (→ lace, string, egg, toy) se casser;

∎ to break apart se casser ou se briser (en morceaux);

∎ the plate broke in two l'assiette s'est cassée en deux;

∎ to break into pieces se casser en morceaux;

∎ figurative her heart broke elle a eu le cœur brisé

(b) Medicine (fracture → bone, limb) se fracturer;

∎ is the bone broken? y a-t-il une fracture?;

∎ humorous any bones broken? rien de cassé?

(c) (become inoperable → lock, tool) casser; (→ machine) tomber en panne;

∎ the dishwasher broke last week le lave-vaisselle est tombé en panne la semaine dernière

(d) (disperse → clouds) se disperser, se dissiper; Military (→ troops) rompre les rangs; (→ ranks) se rompre

(e) (escape)

∎ to break free se libérer;

∎ the ship broke loose from its moorings le bateau a rompu ses amarres

(f) (fail → health, person, spirit) se détériorer;

∎ the witness broke under questioning le témoin a craqué au cours de l'interrogatoire;

∎ she or her spirit did not break elle ne s'est pas laissée abattre;

∎ their courage finally broke leur courage a fini par les abandonner

(g) (take a break) faire une pause;

∎ let's break for coffee arrêtons-nous pour prendre un café

(h) (arise suddenly → day) se lever, poindre; (→ dawn) poindre; Press & Television (→ news) être annoncé; (→ scandal, war) éclater

(i) (move suddenly) se précipiter, foncer

(j) (weather) changer; (storm) éclater

(k) (voice → of boy) muer; (→ with emotion) se briser;

∎ she was so upset that her voice kept breaking elle était tellement bouleversée que sa voix se brisait

(l) (wave) déferler;

∎ the sea was breaking against the rocks les vagues se brisaient sur les rochers

(m) Obstetrics

∎ her waters have broken elle a perdu les eaux

(n) American familiar (happen) se passer^□, arriver^□ ;

∎ to break right/badly bien/mal se passer

(o) Linguistics (vowel) se diphtonguer

(p) Sport (boxers) se dégager;

∎ break! break!, stop!

(q) Sport (ball) dévier

(r) Sport (in billiards, snooker, pool) donner l'acquit

(s) (idiom)

∎ to break even (gen) s'y retrouver; Finance rentrer dans ses frais

3 noun

(a) (in china, glass) cassure f, brisure f; (in wood) cassure f, rupture f; Medicine (in bone, limb) fracture f; figurative (with friend, group) rupture f; (in marriage) séparation f;

∎ a clean break (in object) une cassure nette; Medicine (in bone) une fracture simple;

∎ the break with her husband was a painful experience ça a été très pénible pour elle quand elle s'est séparée de son mari;

∎ her break with the party in 1968 sa rupture avec le parti en 1968;

∎ to make a clean break with the past rompre avec le passé

(b) (crack) fissure f, fente f

(c) (gap → in hedge, wall) trouée f, ouverture f; Geology (→ in rock) faille f; (→ in line) interruption f, rupture f; Typography (→ in word) césure f; (→ in pagination) fin f de page;

∎ a break in the clouds une éclaircie

(d) (interruption → in conversation) interruption f, pause f; (→ in payment) interruption f, suspension f; (→ in trip) arrêt m; (→ in production) suspension f, rupture f; (→ in series) interruption f; Literature & Music pause f; (in jazz) break m;

∎ guitar break (in rock) (courte) improvisation f de guitare;

∎ Electricity a break in the circuit une coupure de courant;

∎ Radio a break for commercials, a (commercial) break un intermède de publicité; Television un écran publicitaire, une page de publicité;

∎ Television a break in transmission une interruption des programmes (due à un incident technique)

(e) (rest) pause f; (holiday) vacances fpl; British School récréation f;

∎ let's take a break on fait une pause?;

∎ we worked all morning without a break nous avons travaillé toute la matinée sans nous arrêter;

∎ he drove for three hours without a break il a conduit trois heures de suite;

∎ you need a break (short rest) tu as besoin de faire une pause; (holiday) tu as besoin de vacances;

∎ an hour's break for lunch une heure de pause pour le déjeuner;

∎ lunch break pause f de midi;

∎ do you get a lunch break? tu as une pause à midi?;

∎ a weekend in the country makes a pleasant break un week-end à la campagne fait du bien;

∎ familiar give me a break! (don't talk nonsense) dis pas n'importe quoi!; (stop nagging) fiche-moi la paix!

(f) (escape) évasion f, fuite f;

∎ Law jail break évasion f (de prison);

∎ she made a break for the woods elle s'est élancée vers le bois;

∎ to make a break for it prendre la fuite

(g) familiar (opportunity) chance^□ f; (luck) (coup m de) veine f;

∎ you get all the breaks! tu en as du pot!;

∎ to have a lucky break avoir de la veine;

∎ to have a bad break manquer de veine;

∎ this could be your big break ça pourrait être la chance de ta vie;

∎ she's never had an even break in her life rien n'a jamais été facile dans sa vie;

∎ give him a break donne-lui une chance; (he won't do it again) donne-lui une seconde chance

(h) (change) changement m;

∎ a break in the weather un changement de temps;

∎ the decision signalled a break with tradition la décision marquait une rupture avec la tradition

(i) (carriage) break m

(j) literary

∎ at break of day au point du jour, à l'aube

(k) Sport

∎ to have a service break or a break (of serve) (in tennis) avoir une rupture de service (de l'adversaire);

∎ to have two break points (in tennis) avoir deux balles de break;

∎ he made a 70 break (in snooker, pool etc) il a fait une série de 70

►► Computing break character caractère m d'interruption;

Computing break key touche f d'interruption

➲ break away

1 intransitive verb

(a) (move away) se détacher; (escape) s'évader;

∎ I broke away from the crowd je me suis éloigné de la foule;

∎ he broke away from her grasp il s'est dégagé de son étreinte

(b) (end association with) rompre; (province → from State) se séparer;

∎ a group of MPs broke away from the party un groupe de députés a quitté le parti;

∎ as a band they have broken away from traditional jazz leur groupe a (complètement) rompu avec le jazz traditionnel

(c) Sport (in racing, cycling) s'échapper, se détacher du peloton

2 separable transitive verb

détacher;

∎ they broke all the fittings away from the walls ils ont décroché toutes les appliques des murs

➲ break back intransitive verb

(in tennis) = gagner le service de son adversaire après avoir perdu son propre service

➲ break down

1 intransitive verb

(a) (vehicle, machine) tomber en panne;

∎ the car has broken down la voiture est en panne

(b) (fail → health) se détériorer; (→ authority) disparaître; (→ argument, system, resistance) s'effondrer; (→ negotiations, relations, plan) échouer;

∎ radio communications broke down le contact radio a été coupé;

∎ their marriage is breaking down leur mariage se désagrège

(c) (lose one's composure) s'effondrer;

∎ to break down in tears fondre en larmes

(d) (divide) se diviser;

∎ the report breaks down into three parts le rapport comprend ou est composé de trois parties

(e) Chemistry se décomposer;

∎ to break down into sth se décomposer en qch

2 separable transitive verb

(a) (destroy → barrier) démolir, abattre; (→ door) enfoncer; figurative (→ resistance) briser;

∎ we must break down old prejudices il faut mettre fin aux vieux préjugés

(b) (analyse → idea, statistics) analyser; (→ reasons) décomposer; (→ account, figures, expenses) décomposer, ventiler; (→ bill, estimate) détailler; (→ substance) décomposer;

∎ the problem can be broken down into three parts le problème peut se décomposer en trois parties

➲ break forth intransitive verb

literary (light) jaillir; (storm, buds) éclater; (blossom) s'épanouir subitement

➲ break in

1 separable transitive verb

(a) (train → person) former; (→ horse) dresser;

∎ a month should be enough to break you in to the job un mois devrait suffire pour vous faire ou vous habituer au métier

(b) (clothing) porter (pour user);

∎ I want to break these shoes in je veux que ces chaussures se fassent

(c) (knock down → door) enfoncer

2 intransitive verb

(a) Law (burglar) entrer par effraction

(b) (speaker) interrompre;

∎ to break in on sb/sth interrompre qn/qch

➲ break into inseparable transitive verb

(a) (of burglar) entrer par effraction dans; (drawer) forcer;

∎ they broke into the safe ils ont fracturé ou forcé le coffre-fort;

∎ they've been broken into three times ils se sont fait cambrioler trois fois

(b) (begin suddenly)

∎ the audience broke into applause le public s'est mis à applaudir;

∎ to break into a run/sprint se mettre à courir/à sprinter;

∎ the horse broke into a gallop le cheval a pris le galop

(c) (conversation) interrompre

(d) (start to spend → savings) entamer;

∎ I don't want to break into a £20 note je ne veux pas entamer un billet de 20 livres

(e) Commerce (market) percer sur;

∎ the firm has broken into the Japanese market l'entreprise a percé sur le marché japonais

➲ break off

1 intransitive verb

(a) (separate) se détacher, se casser;

∎ a branch has broken off une branche s'est détachée (de l'arbre)

(b) (stop) s'arrêter brusquement;

∎ he broke off in mid-sentence il s'est arrêté au milieu d'une phrase;

∎ they broke off from work (for rest) ils ont fait une pause; (for day) ils ont cessé le travail;

∎ to break off for ten minutes prendre dix minutes de pause;

∎ to break off for lunch s'arrêter pour déjeuner

(c) (end relationship) rompre;

∎ she's broken off with him elle a rompu avec lui

2 separable transitive verb

(a) (separate) détacher, casser;

∎ to break sth off sth casser ou détacher qch de qch

(b) (end → agreement, relationship) rompre;

∎ they've broken off their engagement ils ont rompu leurs fiançailles;

∎ to break it off (with sb) rompre (avec qn);

∎ Italy had broken off diplomatic relations with Libya l'Italie avait rompu ses relations diplomatiques avec la Libye

➲ break open separable transitive verb

(door) enfoncer; (lock, safe, till) forcer; familiar (bottle of wine etc) ouvrir^□, déboucher^□ ;

∎ to break a desk open ouvrir un bureau en forçant la serrure

➲ break out

1 intransitive verb

(a) (begin → war, storm) éclater; (→ disease, fire) se déclarer; (→ fight) se déclencher

(b) (become covered)

∎ to break out in spots or in a rash avoir une éruption de boutons;

∎ to break out in a sweat se mettre à transpirer;

∎ she broke out in a cold sweat elle s'est mise à avoir des sueurs froides

(c) (escape) s'échapper;

∎ to break out from or of prison s'évader (de prison);

∎ we have to break out of this vicious circle il faut que nous sortions de ce cercle vicieux

2 separable transitive verb

(bottle, champagne) ouvrir

➲ break through

1 inseparable transitive verb

(sun) percer;

∎ I broke through the crowd je me suis frayé un chemin à travers la foule;

∎ the troops broke through enemy lines les troupes ont enfoncé les lignes ennemies;

∎ she eventually broke through his reserve elle a fini par le faire sortir de sa réserve

2 intransitive verb

percer; figurative & Military faire une percée;

∎ figurative his hidden feelings tend to break through in his writing ses sentiments cachés tendent à transparaître ou percer dans ses écrits

➲ break up

1 separable transitive verb

(a) (divide up → rocks) briser, morceler; Law (→ property) morceler; (→ soil) ameublir; (→ bread, cake) partager;

∎ she broke the loaf up into four pieces elle a rompu ou partagé la miche en quatre;

∎ illustrations break up the text le texte est aéré par des illustrations

(b) (destroy → house) démolir; (→ road) défoncer

(c) (end → fight, party) mettre fin à, arrêter; Commerce & Law (→ conglomerate, trust) scinder, diviser; Commerce (→ company) scinder; Politics (→ coalition) briser, rompre; Administration (→ organization) dissoudre; (→ empire) démembrer; (→ family) séparer;

∎ his drinking broke up their marriage le fait qu'il buvait a brisé ou détruit leur mariage

(d) (disperse → crowd) disperser;

∎ break it up! (people fighting or arguing) arrêtez!; (said by policeman) circulez!

(e) familiar (distress) bouleverser, retourner;

∎ the news really broke her up la nouvelle l'a complètement bouleversée

(f) American familiar (amuse)

∎ her stories really break me up! ses histoires me font bien marrer!

2 intransitive verb

(a) (split into pieces → road, system) se désagréger; (→ ice) craquer, se fissurer; (→ ship) se disloquer;

∎ the ship broke up on the rocks le navire s'est disloqué sur les rochers

(b) (come to an end → meeting, party) se terminer, prendre fin; (→ partnership) cesser, prendre fin; (→ talks, negotiations) cesser;

∎ when the meeting broke up à l'issue ou à la fin de la réunion;

∎ their marriage broke up leur mariage n'a pas marché

(c) (boyfriend, girlfriend) rompre;

∎ she broke up with her boyfriend elle a rompu avec son petit ami;

∎ they've broken up ils se sont séparés

(d) (disperse → clouds) se disperser; (→ group) se disperser; (→ friends) se quitter, se séparer

(e) British School

∎ we break up for Christmas on the 22nd les vacances de Noël commencent le 22;

∎ when do we break up? quand est-ce qu'on est en vacances?

(f) (lose one's composure) s'effondrer

(g) American familiar (laugh) se tordre de rire

➲ break with inseparable transitive verb

(a) (end association with → person, organization) rompre avec;

∎ the defeat caused many people to break with the party la défaite a poussé beaucoup de gens à rompre avec le parti

(b) (depart from → belief, values) rompre avec;

∎ she broke with tradition by getting married away from her village elle a rompu avec la tradition en ne se mariant pas dans son village

Un panorama unique de l'anglais et du français > break
5 break

break

A n

1 ( fracture) fracture f ;

2 ( crack) (in plate, plank, surface) fêlure f ;

3 ( gap) (in fence, wall) brèche f ; (in row, line) espace m ; (in circuit, chain, sequence) rupture f ; (in conversation, match) pause f ; ( in performance) entracte m ; (in traffic, procession) trou m, espace m ; a break in the clouds une éclaircie ; a break in transmission une interruption dans la retransmission ;

4 Radio, TV ( also commercial break) page f de publicité ; we're going to take a break now tout de suite, une page de publicité ;

5 ( pause) gen pause f ; Sch récréation f ; to take a break faire une pause ; I walked/worked for six hours without a break j'ai marché/travaillé pendant six heures sans m'arrêter ; to have a break from work arrêter de travailler ; to take ou have a break from working/driving ne plus travailler/conduire pendant un temps ; to take ou have a break from nursing/teaching arrêter le métier d'infirmière/d'enseignant pendant un temps ; I often give her a break from looking after the kids je m'occupe souvent des enfants pour qu'elle se repose ; give us a break ○ ! fiche-nous la paix ○ ! ;

6 ( holiday) vacances fpl ; the Christmas break les vacances de Noël ; a weekend break in Milan un week-end à Milan ;

7 fig ( departure) rupture f (with avec) ; a break with tradition/the past une rupture avec la tradition/le passé ; it's time to make a ou the break ( from family) il est temps de voler de ses propres ailes ; ( from job) il est temps de passer à autre chose ;

8 ○ ( opportunity) chance f ; her big break came in 1973 1973 a été l'année de sa veine ○ ; he gave me a break il m'a donné ma chance ; a lucky break un coup de veine ○ ; a bad break des déboires mpl ; to give sb an even break donner sa chance à qn ;

9 ( dawn) at the break of day au lever du jour, à l'aube f ;

10 ( escape bid) to make a break for it ○ ( from prison) se faire la belle ○ ; to make a break for the door/the trees se précipiter vers la porte/les arbres ;

11 Print line break fin f d'alinéa ; page break changement m de page ; paragraph break fin f de paragraphe ;

12 ( in tennis) ( also service break) break m ;

13 (in snooker, pool) ( first shot) it's your break c'est à toi de casser ; ( series of shots) to make a 50 point break marquer une série de 50 points ;

14 Mus ( in jazz) break m.

B vtr ( prét broke ; pp broken)

1 ( damage) casser [chair, eggs, rope, stick, toy] ; casser, briser [glass, plate, window] ; casser [machine] ; to break a tooth/a nail/a bone se casser une dent/un ongle/un os ; to break one's leg/arm se casser la jambe/le bras ; to break one's back lit se casser la colonne vertébrale ; I nearly broke my back moving the piano fig j'ai failli me briser les reins en déplaçant le piano ; to break one's neck lit avoir une rupture des vertèbres cervicales ; somebody is going to break their neck on those steps fig quelqu'un va se casser la figure sur ces marches ○ ; she broke the bottle over his head elle lui a cassé la bouteille sur la tête ;

2 (split, rupture) briser [seal] ; couper [sentence, word] ; the skin is not broken il n'y a pas de plaie ; not a ripple broke the surface of the water pas une ride ne troublait la surface de l'eau ; to break surface [diver, submarine] remonter à la surface ; the river broke its banks la rivière a débordé ;

3 ( interrupt) [person] rompre [silence] ; [shout, siren] déchirer [silence] ; couper [circuit, current] ; rompre [monotony, spell] ; rompre [ties, links] (with avec) ; to break one's silence sortir de son silence (on à propos de) ; to break sb's concentration déconcentrer qn ; we broke our journey in Milan nous avons fait un arrêt à Milan ; the tower breaks the line of the roof/of the horizon la tour rompt la ligne du toit/de l'horizon ; to break step rompre le pas ;

4 ( disobey) enfreindre [law] ; ne pas respecter [embargo, blockade, conditions, terms] ; violer [treaty] ; désobéir à [commandment, rule] ; briser [strike] ; rompre [vow] ; manquer [appointment] ; he broke his word/promise il a manqué à sa parole/promesse ;

5 (exceed, surpass) dépasser [speed limit, bounds] ; battre [record, opponent] ; franchir [speed barrier] ; briser [class barrier] ;

6 ( lessen the impact of) couper [wind] ; [branches] freiner [fall] ; [hay] amortir [fall] ;

7 fig ( destroy) [troops] briser [rebellion] ; briser [person, resistance, determination, will] ; to break sb's spirit saper le moral de qn ; to break sb's hold over sb débarrasser qn de l'emprise de qn ; discussions which aim to break this deadlock des discussions qui visent à nous sortir de cette impasse ; to break a habit se défaire d'une habitude ;

8 ( ruin) ruiner [person] ; this contract will make or break the company ( financially) ce contrat fera la fortune ou la ruine de l'entreprise ; this decision will make or break me ( personally) cette décision sera mon salut ou ma perte ;

9 Equit débourrer [young horse] ;

10 ( in tennis) to break sb's serve faire le break ;

11 Mil casser [officer] ;

12 ( decipher) déchiffrer [cipher, code] ;

13 ( leave) to break camp lever le camp ;

14 ( announce) annoncer [news] ; révéler [truth] ; to break the news to sb apprendre la nouvelle à qn ; break it to her gently annonce-lui la nouvelle avec douceur.

C vi ( prét broke ; pp broken)

1 ( be damaged) [branch, chair, egg, handle, tooth, string] se casser ; [plate, glass, window] se briser ; [arm, bone, leg] se fracturer ; [bag] se déchirer ; china breaks easily la porcelaine se casse facilement ; the vase broke in two/into a thousand pieces le vase s'est brisé en deux/en mille morceaux ; the sound of breaking glass le bruit de verre brisé ;

2 ( separate) [clouds] se disperser ; [waves] se briser (against contre ; on, over sur) ;

3 Sport [boxers] se séparer ; ‘break! ’ ( referee 's command) ‘break!’ ;

4 ( stop for a rest) faire une pause ;

5 ( change) [good weather] se gâter ; [drought, heatwave] cesser ; [luck] tourner ;

6 ( begin) [day] se lever ; [storm] éclater ; [scandal, news story] éclater ;

7 ( discontinue) to break with sb rompre les relations avec qn ; to break with a party/the church quitter un parti/l'église ; to break with tradition/convention rompre avec la tradition/les conventions ;

8 ( weaken) their spirit never broke leur moral n'a jamais faibli ; to break under torture/interrogation céder sous la torture/l'interrogation ;

9 ( change tone) [boy's voice] muer ; her voice breaks on the high notes sa voix s'éraille dans les aigus ; in a voice breaking with emotion d 'une voix brisée par l'émotion ;

10 (in snooker, pool) casser.

Phrasal verbs

■ break away:

▶ break away

1 ( become detached) [island, shell] se détacher (from de) ; to break away from [group, person] rompre avec [family, party, organization] ; [state] se séparer de [union] ; [animal] se détacher de [herd] ; [boat] rompre [moorings] ;

2 ( escape) échapper (from à) ;

3 Sport [runner, cyclist] se détacher (from de) ;

▶ break away [sth], break [sth] away enlever [outer shell, casing].

■ break down:

▶ break down

1 ( stop functioning) [car, elevator, machine] tomber en panne ; we broke down on the main street nous sommes tombés en panne sur la grand-rue ;

2 ( collapse) fig [alliance, coalition] éclater ; [negotiations] échouer ; [contact, communication] cesser ; [law and order] se dégrader ; [argument] ne pas tenir debout ; [system] s'effondrer ; [person] s'effondrer, craquer ; he broke down under the strain il a craqué sous la pression ;

3 ( cry) fondre en larmes ;

4 ( be classified) [cost findings, statistics] se décomposer (into en) ; the cost of the repair breaks down as follows le prix de la réparation se décompose ainsi ;

5 ( decompose) [compound] se décomposer (en into) ;

6 ( confess) ( under interrogation) céder ;

▶ break [sth] down, break down [sth]

1 ( demolish) lit enfoncer [door] ; démolir [fence, wall] ; fig faire tomber [barriers] ; vaincre [opposition, resistance, shyness] ;

2 ( analyse) ventiler [budget, cost, expenses, statistics] ; décomposer [word] (into en) ; décomposer [data, findings] (into par) ; décomposer [argument] ;

3 ( cause to decompose) décomposer [compound, gas] (into en) ; [enzyme, catalyst] dissoudre [protein, starch] ; [gastric juices] dissoudre [food].

■ break even Fin rentrer dans ses frais.

■ break forth littér [sun, water] jaillir (from de).

■ break free:

▶ break free [prisoner] s'évader ; to break free of se couper de [family] ; échapper à [captor].

■ break in

1 ( enter forcibly) [thief] entrer (par effraction) ; [police] entrer de force ; the burglar broke in through a window le cambrioleur est entré par une fenêtre ;

2 ( interrupt) interrompre ; ‘I don't want to go,’ he broke in ‘je ne veux pas y aller,’ a-t-il interrompu ; to break in on sb/sth interrompre qn/qch ;

▶ break [sth] in débourrer [young horse] ; assouplir [shoe] ; to break in one's glasses s'habituer à ses lunettes ;

▶ break [sb] in accoutumer [qn] au travail [recruit, newcomer] ; to break sb in gently donner le temps à qn de s'accoutumer au travail.

■ break into:

▶ break into [sth]

1 ( enter by force) entrer dans [qch] (par effraction) [building] ; forcer la portière de [car] ; forcer [safe, till] ; her car was broken into sa voiture a été cambriolée ;

2 ( start to use) entamer [new packet, new bottle, banknote, savings] ;

3 ( encroach on) empiéter sur [leisure time, working day] ; couper [morning, day] ;

4 ( begin to do) to break into song/cheers se mettre à chanter/acclamer ; to break into peals of laughter éclater de rire ; to break into a run/gallop se mettre à courir/au galop ;

5 ( make headway) [company] s'implanter sur [market] ; [person] s'introduire dans [job market] ; [person] percer dans [show business].

■ break loose [dog, horse] s'échapper (from de).

■ break off:

▶ break off

1 ( snap off) [end, mast, tip] se casser ; [handle, piece] se détacher ;

2 ( stop speaking) s'interrompre ; she broke off to answer the phone elle s'est interrompue pour répondre au téléphone ;

3 ( pause) faire une pause, s'arrêter ;

▶ break off [sth], break [sth] off

1 ( snap) casser [branch, piece, segment, mast] ;

2 ( terminate) rompre [engagement, relationship, contact, negotiations, ties] ; interrompre [conversation] ; they decided to break it off (relationship, engagement) ils ont décidé de rompre ; to break off doing arrêter de faire.

■ break out:

▶ break out

1 ( erupt) [epidemic, fire] se déclarer ; [fight, panic, riot, storm] éclater ; [rash] apparaître ; to break out in a rash ou in spots [person] avoir une éruption de boutons ; [face] se couvrir de boutons ; to break out in a sweat se mettre à transpirer ;

2 ( escape) [prisoner] s'évader ; to break out of s'échapper de [cage, prison] ; sortir de [routine, vicious circle] ; se libérer de [chains, straitjacket].

■ break through:

▶ break through [army] faire une percée ;

▶ break through [sth] percer [defences, reserve] ; franchir [barrier, cordon] ; se frayer un passage à travers [crowd] ; traverser [mur] ; [sun] percer [clouds].

■ break up:

▶ break up

1 ( disintegrate) lit [wreck] se désagréger ; fig [empire] s'effondrer ; [alliance] éclater ; [group, family, couple] se séparer ; their marriage/relationship is breaking up leur mariage/relation va mal ;

2 ( disperse) [crowd] se disperser ; [cloud, slick] se disperser ; [meeting] se terminer ;

3 GB Sch schools break up on Friday les cours finissent vendredi ; we break up for Christmas on Tuesday pour Noël, nous finissons mardi ;

▶ break [sth] up, break up [sth] ( split up) disperser [demonstrators] ; démanteler [spy ring, drugs ring] ; séparer [team, couple] ; désunir [family] ; briser [alliance, marriage] ; démembrer [empire] ; diviser [sentence, word] (into en) ; morceler [land] ; [diagrams] aérer [text] ; mettre fin à [party, fight, demonstration] ; break it up! ( stop fighting) ça suffit maintenant!

Big English-French dictionary > break
6 break

break [breɪk]

(verb: preterite broke, past participle broken)

1. noun

   a. (in conversation, programme, line) interruption f ; (in journey) arrêt m ; (at work) pause f ; (at school) pause f, récréation f

• to take a break ( = few minutes) faire une pause ; ( = holiday) prendre des vacances ; ( = change) se changer les idées

• six hours without a break six heures d'affilée

• after the break ( = advertisements) après la pause (publicitaire)

• a break in the clouds une éclaircie

• a break in the weather un changement de temps

• he spoke of the need for a break with the past il a dit qu'il fallait rompre avec le passé

► to make a break

• to make a break for it prendre la fuite

• he made a break for the door il s'est élancé vers la porte

   b. [of bone] fracture f

   c. (literary) at break of day au point du jour

   d. ( = luck, opportunity) (inf) chance f

• he's had all the breaks il a eu toutes les veines (inf)

• she got her first big break in "Sarafina" elle a percé dans « Sarafina »

• give me a break! (inf) ( = leave me alone) fichez-moi la paix ! (inf)

   e. (Snooker) série f

• to have a break of serve (Tennis) faire le break

2. transitive verb

   a. casser ; [+ skin] écorcher

• to break sth in two casser qch en deux

• to break one's leg/one's neck se casser la jambe/le cou

• the bone is not broken il n'y a pas de fracture

• to break open [+ door] enfoncer ; [+ lock, safe] fracturer

• to break ground on a new building (US) commencer à construire un nouveau bâtiment

• to break new or fresh ground innover

• to break one's back se casser la colonne vertébrale

• to break the back of a task (British) faire le plus dur d'une tâche

• to break sb's heart briser le cœur de qn

• to break one's heart over sth avoir le cœur brisé par qch

• to break a record battre un record

   b. [+ promise] manquer à ; [+ treaty] violer

• to break the law enfreindre la loi

• to break a vow rompre un serment

   c. [+ courage, spirit, strike] briser

• to break sb ( = demoralize) briser qn ; ( = ruin) ruiner qn

• television can make you or break you la télévision peut soit vous apporter la gloire soit vous briser

• to break sb of a habit faire perdre une habitude à qn

• to break a habit se débarrasser d'une habitude

• it won't break the bank (inf) cela ne va pas te (or nous or les etc) ruiner

   d. [+ silence, spell] rompre

• to break sb's serve prendre le service de qn

• to break one's journey faire une étape (or des étapes)

   e. [+ fall] amortir

   f. [+ news] annoncer

• try to break it to her gently essayez de le lui annoncer avec ménagement

3. intransitive verb

   a. (se) casser ; [bone] se fracturer

• to break in two se casser en deux

   b. [clouds] se dissiper

   c. [storm] éclater ; [wave] déferler

   d. [news, story] éclater

   e. ( = weaken, change) [health] se détériorer ; [voice] (boy's) muer ; (in emotion) se briser ( with sous le coup de ) ; [weather] se gâter

• he broke under torture il a craqué sous la torture

• his spirit broke son courage l'a abandonné

   f. [dawn] poindre ; [day] se lever

   g. ( = pause) faire une pause

• we broke for lunch nous avons fait une pause pour le déjeuner

   h. (set structures)

► to break even rentrer dans ses fonds

► to break free se libérer

► to break loose [person, animal] s'échapper ; [boat] rompre ses amarres

► to break with sb rompre avec qn

4. compounds

► break-even point noun seuil m de rentabilité

► break-in noun cambriolage m

► break-up noun [of friendship] rupture f ; [of empire, group of states] démantèlement m ; [of political party] scission f

• since the break-up of his marriage depuis qu'il est séparé de sa femme

► break away intransitive verb

(from captor) s'échapper

• to break away from a group se séparer d'un groupe► break down

1. intransitive verb

   a. [vehicle] tomber en panne ; [argument] s'effondrer ; [resistance] céder ; [negotiations] échouer

• after negotiations broke down... après l'échec m des négociations...

   b. ( = decompose) se décomposer ( into en)

   c. ( = weep) fondre en larmes

2. separable transitive verb

   a. ( = demolish) démolir ; [+ door] enfoncer ; [+ opposition] briser

   b. [+ accounts] détailler ; [+ sales figures, costs] ventiler ; [+ substance] décomposer

► break in

1. intransitive verb

   a. ( = interrupt) interrompre

   b. ( = enter illegally) entrer par effraction

2. separable transitive verb

   a. [+ door] enfoncer

   b. [+ engine, car] roder

• it took a month to break in my new shoes cela a pris un mois avant que mes nouvelles chaussures se fassent

► break into inseparable transitive verb

   a. ( = enter illegally) [+ house] entrer par effraction dans

• to break into a safe fracturer un coffre-fort

   b. [+ savings] entamer

   c. [company] to break into a new market percer sur un nouveau marché

   d. to break into song se mettre à chanter

• to break into a run se mettre à courir

► break off

1. intransitive verb

   a. [piece, twig] se casser net

   b. ( = stop) s'arrêter ( doing sth de faire qch)

• he broke off in mid-sentence il s'est arrêté au milieu d'une phrase

2. separable transitive verb

   a. ( = snap off) casser

   b. ( = end) [+ relationship, negotiations] rompre

► break out intransitive verb

   a. [war, fire] éclater

• to break out into a sweat suer ; (from fear) commencer à avoir des sueurs froides

   b. ( = escape) s'échapper (of de)

► break through

1. intransitive verb

( = succeed) percer

2. inseparable transitive verb

[+ defences, obstacles] faire tomber

► break up

1. intransitive verb

   a. [ice] craquer ; [ship in storm] se disloquer ; [partnership] cesser ; [empire] effondrer

• their marriage broke up ils se sont séparés

• to break up with sb rompre avec qn

   b. [crowd] se disperser ; [meeting] prendre fin

• the schools break up tomorrow (British) les cours se terminent demain

   c. [phone line] couper

• you're breaking up je ne te capte plus

   d. (US = laugh) (inf!) se tordre de rire

2. separable transitive verb

   a. [+ chocolate] casser en morceaux

• to break up the soil casser les mottes de terre

   b. [+ coalition] briser ; [+ empire] démembrer

• to break up a marriage briser un couple

• to do sth to break up one's day faire qch pour faire une coupure dans la journée

   c. [+ crowd, demonstration] disperser

• police used tear gas to break up the demonstration la police a utilisé du gaz lacrymogène pour disperser les manifestants

   d. (US = make laugh) (inf!) donner le fou rire à

* * *
[breɪk] 1.
noun

1) ( fracture) fracture f

2) ( crack) fêlure f

3) ( gap) ( in wall) brèche f; (in row, line) espace m; (in circuit, chain) rupture f; (in conversation, match) pause f; ( in performance) entracte m; ( in traffic) trou m, espace m

a break in the clouds — une éclaircie

a break in transmission — une interruption dans la retransmission

4) Radio, Television page f de publicité

5) ( pause) gen pause f; School récréation f

to take a break — faire une pause

to work for six hours without a break — travailler pendant six heures sans s'arrêter

to take ou have a break from working — ne plus travailler pendant un temps

I often give her a break from looking after the kids — je m'occupe souvent des enfants pour qu'elle se repose

6) ( holiday) vacances fpl

the Christmas break — les vacances de Noël

7) fig ( departure) rupture f ( with avec)

a break with tradition — une rupture avec la tradition

it's time to make a ou the break — ( from family) il est temps de voler de ses propres ailes; ( from job) il est temps de passer à autre chose

8) (colloq) ( opportunity) chance f

her big break came in 1973 — 1973 a été l'année de sa veine (colloq)

he gave me a break — il m'a donné ma chance

9) ( dawn)

at the break of day — au lever du jour, à l'aube f

10) ( escape bid)

to make a break for it — (colloq) ( from prison) se faire la belle (colloq)

to make a break for the door — se précipiter vers la porte

11) Sport ( in tennis) break m; (in snooker, pool)

it's your break — c'est à toi de casser

to make a 50 point break — marquer une série de 50 points
2.
transitive verb (prét broke; pp broken)

1) ( damage) casser [chair, eggs, rope, stick, toy]; casser [plate, window]

to break a tooth/a bone — se casser une dent/un os

to break one's leg — se casser la jambe

to break one's neck — lit avoir une rupture des vertèbres cervicales; fig se casser la figure

2) ( rupture) briser [seal]

the skin is not broken — il n'y a pas de plaie

the river broke its banks — la rivière a débordé

3) ( interrupt) [person] rompre [silence]; [shout, siren] déchirer [silence]; couper [circuit]; rompre [monotony, spell, ties, links] ( with avec)

to break one's silence — sortir de son silence (on à propos de)

we broke our journey in Milan — nous avons fait un arrêt à Milan

4) ( disobey) enfreindre [law]; ne pas respecter [embargo, terms]; violer [treaty]; désobéir à [rule]; briser [strike]; rompre [vow]; manquer [appointment]

to break one's word/promise — manquer à sa parole/promesse

5) (exceed, surpass) dépasser [speed limit, bounds]; battre [record]; franchir [speed barrier]

6) ( lessen the impact of) couper [wind]; [branches] freiner [fall]; [hay] amortir [fall]

7) fig ( destroy) [troops] briser [rebellion]; briser [person, resistance, will]

to break somebody's spirit — saper le moral de quelqu'un

to break a habit — se défaire d'une habitude

8) ( ruin) ruiner [person]

9) ( tame) débourrer [young horse]

10) ( in tennis)

to break somebody's serve — faire le break

11) ( decipher) déchiffrer [code]

12) ( leave)

to break camp — lever le camp

13) ( announce) annoncer [news]; révéler [truth]

to break the news to somebody — apprendre la nouvelle à quelqu'un
3.
intransitive verb (prét broke; pp broken)

1) ( be damaged) [branch, chair, egg, string] se casser; [plate, window] se casser; [arm, bone, leg] se fracturer; [bag] se déchirer

to break in two — se casser en deux

the sound of breaking glass — le bruit de verre brisé

2) ( separate) [clouds] se disperser; [waves] se briser

3) ( stop for a rest) faire une pause

4) ( change) [good weather] se gâter; [heatwave] cesser

5) ( begin) [day] se lever; [storm] éclater; [scandal, story] éclater

6) ( discontinue)

to break with somebody — rompre les relations avec quelqu'un

to break with tradition — rompre avec la tradition

7) ( weaken)

their spirit never broke — leur moral n'a jamais faibli

to break under torture — céder sous la torture

8) ( change tone) [boy's voice] muer

in a voice breaking with emotion — d'une voix brisée par l'émotion

•

Phrasal Verbs:

- break away

- break down

- break even

- break free

- break in

- break into

- break off

- break out

- break through

- break up

English-French dictionary > break
7 break

1. transitive verb,
broke, broken

1) brechen; (so as to damage) zerbrechen; kaputtmachen (ugs.); aufschlagen [Ei zum Kochen]; zerreißen [Seil]; (fig.): (interrupt) unterbrechen; brechen [Bann, Zauber, Schweigen]

break something in two/in pieces — etwas in zwei Teile/in Stücke brechen

the TV/my watch is broken — der Fernseher/meine Uhr ist kaputt (ugs.)

2) (fracture) sich (Dat.) brechen; (pierce) verletzen [Haut]

he broke his leg — er hat sich (Dat.) das Bein gebrochen

break one's/somebody's back — (fig.) sich/jemanden kaputtmachen (ugs.)

break the back of something — (fig.) bei etwas das Schwerste hinter sich bringen

break open — aufbrechen

3) (violate) brechen [Vertrag, Versprechen]; verletzen, verstoßen gegen [Regel, Tradition]; nicht einhalten [Verabredung]; überschreiten [Grenze]

break the law — gegen das Gesetz verstoßen

4) (destroy) zerstören, ruinieren [Freundschaft, Ehe]

5) (surpass) brechen [Rekord]

6) (abscond from)

break jail — [aus dem Gefängnis] ausbrechen

7) (weaken) brechen, beugen [Stolz]; zusammenbrechen lassen [Streik]

break somebody's heart — jemandem das Herz brechen

break somebody — (crush) jemanden fertig machen (ugs.)

break the habit — es sich (Dat.) abgewöhnen; see also academic.ru/44727/make">make 1. 15)

8) (cushion) auffangen [Schlag, jemandes Fall]

9) (make bankrupt) ruinieren

break the bank — die Bank sprengen

it won't break the bank — (fig. coll.) es kostet kein Vermögen

10) (reveal)

break the news that... — melden, dass...

11) (solve) entschlüsseln, entziffern [Kode, Geheimschrift]

12) (Tennis)

break service/somebody's service — den Aufschlag des Gegners/jemandes Aufschlag durchbrechen. See also broken 2.
2. intransitive verb,
broke, broken

1) kaputtgehen (ugs.); entzweigehen; [Faden, Seil:] [zer]reißen; [Glas, Tasse, Teller:] zerbrechen; [Eis:] brechen

somebody's heart is breaking — jemandem bricht das Herz

break in two/in pieces — entzweibrechen

2) (crack) [Fenster-, Glasscheibe:] zerspringen

my back was nearly breaking — ich brach mir fast das Kreuz

3) (sever links)

break with somebody/something — mit jemandem/etwas brechen

4)

break into — einbrechen in (+ Akk.) [Haus]; aufbrechen [Safe]

he broke into a sweat — ihm brach der Schweiß aus

break into a trot/run — etc. zu traben/laufen usw. anfangen

break into a banknote — eine Banknote anbrechen

break out of prison — etc. aus dem Gefängnis usw. ausbrechen

5)

break free or loose [from somebody/somebody's grip] — sich [von jemandem/aus jemandes Griff] losreißen

break free/loose [from prison] — [aus dem Gefängnis] ausbrechen

6) [Welle:] sich brechen (on/against an + Dat.)

7) [Wetter:] umschlagen

8) [Wolkendecke:] aufreißen

9) [Tag:] anbrechen

10) [Sturm:] losbrechen

11)

somebody's voice is breaking — jemand kommt in den Stimmbruch; (with emotion) jemandem bricht die Stimme

12) (have interval)

break for coffee/lunch — [eine] Kaffee-/Mittagspause machen

13) (become public) bekannt werden
3. noun
1) Bruch, der; (of rope) Reißen, das

break [of service] — (Tennis) Break, der od. das

a break with somebody/something — ein Bruch mit jemandem/etwas

break of day — Tagesanbruch, der

2) (gap) Lücke, die; (Electr.): (in circuit) Unterbrechung, die

3) (sudden dash)

they made a sudden break [for it] — sie stürmten plötzlich davon

4) (interruption) Unterbrechung, die

5) (pause, holiday) Pause, die

during the commercial breaks on TV — während der Werbespots im Fernsehen

take or have a break — [eine] Pause machen

6) (coll.): (fair chance, piece of luck) Chance, die

lucky break — große Chance

that was a bad break for him — das war Pech für ihn

Phrasal Verbs:

- break away

- break down

- break in

- break into

- break off

- break out

- break out of

- break through

- break up

* * *
[breik] 1. past tense - broke; verb
1) (to divide into two or more parts (by force).) brechen

2) ((usually with off/away) to separate (a part) from the whole (by force).) abbrechen

3) (to make or become unusable.) vernichten

4) (to go against, or not act according to (the law etc): He broke his appointment at the last minute.) brechen

5) (to do better than (a sporting etc record).) (einen Rekord etc.) brechen

6) (to interrupt: She broke her journey in London.) abbrechen

7) (to put an end to: He broke the silence.) brechen

8) (to make or become known: They gently broke the news of his death to his wife.) beibringen

9) ((of a boy's voice) to fall in pitch.) brechen

10) (to soften the effect of (a fall, the force of the wind etc).) brechen

11) (to begin: The storm broke before they reached shelter.) losbrechen
2. noun
1) (a pause: a break in the conversation.) die Pause

2) (a change: a break in the weather.) der Umschwung

3) (an opening.) die Lücke

4) (a chance or piece of (good or bad) luck: This is your big break.) der Durchbruch

•

- breakable
3. noun
((usually in plural) something likely to break.) der zerbrechliche Gegenstand

- breakage
- breaker
- breakdown
- break-in
- breakneck
- breakout
- breakthrough
- breakwater
- break away
- break down
- break into
- break in
- break loose
- break off
- break out
- break out in
- break the ice
- break up
- make a break for it
* * *

break

[breɪk]

I. NOUN

1. (fracture) Bruch m; (in glass, pottery) Sprung m; (in rock, wood) Riss m; MED Bruch m

2. (gap) Lücke f; (in rock) Spalt m; (in line) Unterbrechung f

3. (escape) Ausbruch m

to make a \break ausbrechen

4. (interruption) Unterbrechung f, Pause f; esp BRIT SCH (during classes) Pause f; (holiday) Ferien pl

coffee/lunch \break Kaffee-/Mittagspause f

Easter/Christmas \break Oster-/Weihnachtsferien pl

commercial \break TV, RADIO Werbung f

to have [or take] a \break eine Pause machen

we decided to have a short \break in Paris wir beschlossen, einen Kurzurlaub in Paris zu verbringen

to need a \break from sth eine Pause von etw dat brauchen

5. METEO

\break of day Tagesanbruch m

a \break in the weather ( liter) ein Wetterumschwung m

6. (divergence) Bruch m

a \break with family tradition ein Bruch mit der Familientradition

7. (end of relationship) Abbruch m

to make a clean/complete \break einen sauberen/endgültigen Schlussstrich ziehen

to make the \break [from sb/sth] die Beziehung [zu jdm/etw] abbrechen

8. (opportunity) Chance f, Gelegenheit f

she got her main \break as an actress in a Spielberg film sie hatte ihre größte Chance als Schauspielerin in einem Spielbergfilm

9. SPORT (in tennis)

\break [of serve] Break m o nt; (in snooker, billiards) Anstoß m

10. COMM ( fam: sharp fall) plötzlicher und starker Einbruch von Preisen und Kursen

11. COMPUT

\break key Pause-Taste f

12.

▶ give me a \break! ( fam: knock it off!) hör auf [damit]!; (give me a chance) gib mir eine Chance!

II. TRANSITIVE VERB

<broke, broken>

1. (shatter)

▪ to \break sth etw zerbrechen; (in two pieces) etw entzweibrechen; (force open) etw aufbrechen; (damage) etw kaputt machen fam; (fracture) etw brechen

we heard the sound of \breaking glass wir hörten das Geräusch von zerberstendem Glas

to \break an alibi ( fig) ein Alibi entkräften

to \break one's arm sich dat den Arm brechen

to \break one's back [or AM ass] ( fig fam) sich akk abrackern [o abstrampeln] fam

to \break sb's back ( fig) jdm das Kreuz brechen fig

to \break a bottle/a glass eine Flasche/ein Glas zerbrechen

to \break an egg ein Ei aufschlagen

to \break sb's heart ( fig) jdm das Herz brechen geh

to \break a nail/tooth sich dat einen Nagel/Zahn abbrechen

to \break sb's nose jdm die Nase brechen

to \break sth into smithereens etw in [tausend] Stücke schlagen

to \break the sonic [or sound] barrier die Schallmauer durchbrechen

to \break a window ein Fenster einschlagen

2. (momentarily interrupt)

▪ to \break sth etw unterbrechen

I need something to \break the monotony of my typing job ich brauche etwas, das etwas Abwechslung in meine eintönige Schreibarbeit bringt

to \break sb's fall jds Fall abfangen

to \break a circuit ELEC einen Stromkreis unterbrechen

to \break step [or stride] aus dem Gleichschritt kommen; MIL aus dem Schritt fallen

3. (put an end to)

▪ to \break sth etw zerstören

to \break the back of sth BRIT, AUS das Schlimmste einer S. gen hinter sich akk bringen

we can \break the back of this work today if we really try wenn wir uns ernsthaft bemühen, können wir diese Arbeit heute zum größten Teil erledigen

to \break camp das Lager abbrechen

to \break a deadlock einen toten Punkt überwinden, etw wieder in Gang bringen

to \break a habit eine Gewohnheit aufgeben

to \break sb of a habit jdm eine Angewohnheit abgewöhnen

to \break an impasse [or a stalemate] aus einer Sackgasse herauskommen

to \break a romantic mood eine romantische Stimmung kaputt machen fam

to \break the peace/a record/the silence den Frieden/einen Rekord/das Schweigen brechen

to \break a spell einen Bann brechen

to \break sb's spirit jdn mutlos machen

to \break a strike einen Streik brechen

to \break the suspense [or tension] die Spannung lösen

4. SPORT

to \break a tie in Führung gehen, einen Führungstreffer erzielen

▪ to \break sb TENNIS jdm das Aufschlagspiel abnehmen

5. (violate)

▪ to \break sth etw brechen

to \break an agreement eine Vereinbarung verletzen

to \break a date eine Verabredung nicht einhalten

to \break a/the law ein/das Gesetz übertreten

to \break a treaty gegen einen Vertrag verstoßen

to \break one's word sein Wort brechen

6. (forcefully end)

▪ to \break sth etw durchbrechen

to \break sb's hold sich akk aus jds Griff befreien

7. (decipher)

to \break a cipher/a code eine Geheimschrift/einen Code entschlüsseln

8. (make public)

▪ to \break sth etw bekanntgeben; JOURN etw veröffentlichen

▪ to \break sth to sb jdm etw mitteilen [o sagen]

\break it to me gently! ( hum) bring's mir schonend bei!

how will we ever \break it to her? wie sollen wir es ihr nur sagen?

to \break the news to sb jdm die Nachricht beibringen

9. (separate into parts)

▪ to \break sth etw auseinanderreißen

to \break bread REL das [heilige] Abendmahl empfangen

to \break bread [with sb] ( dated liter) [mit jdm] das Brot brechen veraltet [o sein Brot teilen]

to \break a collection [or set] eine Sammlung auseinanderreißen

10. (make change for)

to \break a note [or AM bill] einen Geldschein wechseln [o fam kleinmachen

11. (crush spirit)

▪ to \break sb jdn brechen [o fam kleinkriegen]

her spirit had been broken by the regime in the home das in dem Heim herrschende System hatte sie seelisch gebrochen

▪ to \break an animal (tame) ein Tier zähmen; (train) ein Tier abrichten

to \break sb's will jds Willen brechen

12. (leave)

to \break cover MIL aus der Deckung hervorbrechen; (from hiding place) aus dem Versteck herauskommen

to \break formation MIL aus der Aufstellung heraustreten

to \break rank MIL aus dem Glied treten

to \break rank[s] ( fig) die eigenen Reihen verraten

to \break ship sich akk beim Landgang absetzen

13. (open up)

to \break ground den ersten Spatenstich machen

to \break fresh [or new] ground ( fig) Neuland [o neue Gebiete] erschließen

14.

▶ to \break the bank ( hum) die Bank sprengen

▶ to \break the ice ( fam) das Eis brechen

▶ \break a leg! ( fam) Hals- und Beinbruch! fam

▶ you can't make an omelette without \breaking eggs ( saying) wo gehobelt wird, da fallen Späne prov

▶ to \break the mould innovativ sein

▶ sticks and stones may \break my bones [but names will never hurt me] ( saying) Beschimpfungen können mir nichts anhaben

▶ to \break wind einen fahrenlassen fam

III. INTRANSITIVE VERB

<broke, broken>

1. (shatter) zerbrechen; (stop working) kaputtgehen fam; (fall apart) auseinanderbrechen

2. (interrupt) Pause machen

shall we \break [off] for lunch? machen wir Mittagspause?

3. wave sich akk brechen

a wave broke over the boat eine Welle brach über dem Boot zusammen

4. (change in voice)

her voice was \breaking with emotion vor Rührung versagte ihr die Stimme

the boy's voice is \breaking der Junge ist [gerade] im Stimmbruch

5. METEO weather umschlagen; dawn, day anbrechen; storm losbrechen

6. (collapse under strain) zusammenbrechen

7. (become public) news, scandal bekannt werden, publikwerden, ans Licht kommen

8. (in billiards, snooker) anstoßen

9. BOXING sich akk trennen

10. (move out of formation) clouds aufreißen; crowd sich akk teilen; MIL, SPORT sich akk auflösen

11. MED [auf]platzen

the waters have broken die Fruchtblase ist geplatzt

12.

▶ to \break even kostendeckend arbeiten

▶ to \break free ausbrechen, sich akk befreien

▶ to \break loose sich akk losreißen

▶ it's make or \break! es geht um alles oder nichts!

* * *
[breɪk] vb: pret broke, ptp broken
1. NOUN

1) = fracture in bone, pipe Bruch m; (GRAM, TYP = word break) (Silben)trennung f

... he said with a break in his voice —... sagte er mit stockender Stimme

break in the circuit (Elec) — Stromkreisunterbrechung f

2) = gap Lücke f; (in rock) Spalte f, Riss m; (in drawn line) Unterbrechung f

row upon row of houses without a break — Häuserzeile auf Häuserzeile, ohne Lücke or lückenlos

3) = pause ALSO BRIT SCH Pause f; (in journey) Pause f, Unterbrechung f

without a break — ohne Unterbrechung or Pause, ununterbrochen

to take or have a break — (eine) Pause machen

at break (Sch) — in der Pause

after the break (Rad, TV) — nach der Pause

give me a break! ( inf, expressing annoyance ) — nun mach mal halblang! (inf)

4) = end of relations Bruch m

5) = change Abwechslung f

break in the weather — Wetterumschwung m

6) = respite Erholung f

the playgroup gives parents a break — die Spielgruppe verschafft den Eltern etwas Erholung

7) = holiday Urlaub m

I'm looking forward to a good break — ich freue mich auf einen schönen Urlaub

8)

at break of day — bei Tagesanbruch

9) = escape inf Ausbruch m

they made a break for it — sie versuchten zu entkommen

10) = opportunity inf

to have a good/bad break — Glück or Schwein (inf) nt/Pech nt haben

we had a few lucky breaks — wir haben ein paar Mal Glück or Schwein (inf) gehabt

she had her first big break in a Broadway play — sie bekam ihre erste große Chance in einem Broadwaystück

11) BILLIARDS Break nt or m, Serie f

2. TRANSITIVE VERB

1) in pieces = fracture bone sich (dat) brechen; stick zerbrechen; (= smash) kaputt schlagen, kaputt machen; glass, cup zerbrechen; window einschlagen; egg aufbrechen

to break sth from sth — etw von etw abbrechen

to break one's leg — sich (dat) das Bein brechen

break a leg! ( US : inf ) — Hals- und Beinbruch!

2) = make unusable toy, chair kaputt machen

3) = violate promise, treaty, vow brechen; law, rule, commandment verletzen; appointment nicht einhalten

to break bail — die Haftverschonung brechen

4) = interrupt journey, silence, fast unterbrechen; spell brechen; monotony, routine unterbrechen, auflockern

to break a holiday short (Brit) — einen Urlaub abbrechen

to break a habit — mit einer Gewohnheit brechen, sich (dat) etw abgewöhnen

he couldn't break the habit of smoking — er konnte sich das Rauchen nicht abgewöhnen

to break sb of a habit — jdm etw abgewöhnen

5) = penetrate skin ritzen; surface, shell durchbrechen

his skin is bruised but not broken —

to break surface ( submarine fig ) —, fig ) auftauchen

6) = surpass record brechen; sound barrier durchbrechen

7) = open up → ground

8) = tame horse zureiten; person brechen

9) = destroy person kleinkriegen (inf), mürbemachen; resistance, strike brechen; code entziffern; (TENNIS) serve durchbrechen

his spirit was broken by the spell in solitary confinement —

this betrayal nearly broke him — dieser Verrat hätte ihn fast zum Wahnsinn getrieben

to break sb ( financially) —

to break the bank (Gambling) — die Bank sprengen

37p, well that won't exactly break the bank — 37 Pence, na, davon gehe ich/gehen wir noch nicht bankrott

his service was broken (Tennis) — er hat das Aufschlagspiel abgegeben

10) = soften fall dämpfen, abfangen

the wall breaks the force of the wind — der Wind bricht sich an der Mauer

11) = get out of jail, one's bonds ausbrechen aus

to break step (Mil) — aus dem Schritt fallen

12) = disclose news mitteilen

how can I break it to her? — wie soll ich es ihr sagen?

3. INTRANSITIVE VERB

1) in pieces = snap twig, bone brechen; (rope) zerreißen; (= smash, window) kaputtgehen; (cup, glass) zerbrechen

breaking strain — Belastbarkeit f

2) = become useless watch, toy, chair kaputtgehen

3)

= become detached to break from sth — von etw abbrechen

4) = pause (eine) Pause machen, unterbrechen

to break for lunch — Mittagspause machen

5) = change weather, luck umschlagen

6) = disperse clouds aufreißen; (crowd) sich teilen

7) = give way health leiden, Schaden nehmen; (stamina) gebrochen werden; under interrogation etc zusammenbrechen

his spirit broke — sein Mut verließ ihn

8) wave sich brechen

9) day, dawn anbrechen; (suddenly storm) losbrechen

10) voice with emotion brechen

his voice is beginning to break (boy) — er kommt in den Stimmbruch

11) = become known story, news, scandal bekannt werden, an den Tag or ans Licht kommen

the news broke on Wall Street yesterday — gestern platzte diese Nachricht in der Wall Street

12) = escape from jail ausbrechen (from aus) → loose

13)

company to break even — seine (Un)kosten decken

14) BILLIARDS anstoßen

15)

ball to break to the right/left — nach rechts/links wegspringen

16) = let go (BOXING ETC) sich trennen

break! — break!

17) = end relations brechen

4. PHRASAL VERBS

* * *

break¹ [breık]

A s

1. (Ab-, Zer-, Durch-, Entzwei)Brechen n, Bruch m

2. Bruch (-stelle f) m, Durchbruch m, Riss m, Spalt m, Bresche f, Öffnung f, Zwischenraum m, Lücke f (auch fig)

3. fig Bruch m (from, with mit; between zwischen dat):

a break with tradition;

she made a break from her family sie brach mit ihrer Familie; → clean A 15

4. (Wald)Lichtung f

5. a) Pause f (Br auch SCHULE), Unterbrechung f ( auch ELEK):

before (after) the break SPORT vor (nach) der Pause, vor (nach) dem Seitenwechsel;

without a break ununterbrochen;

have ( oder take) a break (eine) Pause machen;

take a break for a cigarette eine Zigarettenpause machen

b) RADIO, TV Werbeunterbrechung f:

we’ll be back again right after the break gleich nach der Werbung geht es weiter

c) Kurzurlaub m:

have ( oder take) a weekend break übers Wochenende verreisen

6. fig, auch LIT Zäsur f, Einschnitt m

7. Ausbruch m (eines Gefangenen), Fluchtversuch m:

make a break for it ( oder for freedom) das Weite suchen, flüchten;

they made a break for the door sie stürzten zur Tür

8. (plötzlicher) Wechsel, Umschwung m:

break in the weather Wetterumschlag m;

at break of day bei Tagesanbruch

9. SPORT Konter m

10. WIRTSCH Preis-, Kurssturz m, Kurseinbruch m

11. MUS

a) Registerwechsel m

b) Jazz: Break m/n (kurzes Zwischensolo)

12. MUS

a) Versagen n (im Ton)

b) Versager m (Ton)

13. Richtungswechsel m

14. Billard:

a) Serie f

b) Abweichen n (des Balles)

15. Boxen: Trennkommando n

16. Pferderennen: Start m

17. umg

a) a bad break Pech n;

a lucky break Dusel m, Schwein n (beide umg)

b) (faire) Chance f:

give sb a break

18. auch break of serve (Tennis) Break m/n (Spielgewinn bei gegnerischem Aufschlag):

he had a break er schaffte ein(en) Break, ihm gelang ein Break

B v/t prät broke [brəʊk], obs brake [breık], pperf broken [ˈbrəʊkən]

1. ab-, auf-, durchbrechen, (er-, zer)brechen:

break open eine Tür etc aufbrechen;

break one’s arm sich den Arm brechen;

break sb’s head jemandem den Schädel einschlagen;

break a glass ein Glas zerbrechen;

break jail aus dem Gefängnis ausbrechen;

break a leg, John! umg besonders THEAT Hals- und Beinbruch!;

break a record fig einen Rekord brechen;

break a seal ein Siegel erbrechen;

break sb’s service, break sb (Tennis) jemandem den Aufschlag abnehmen, jemanden breaken;

he broke service (Tennis) er schaffte ein(en) Break, ihm gelang ein Break; → ass², back¹ A 1, balls A, heart Bes Redew, neck A 2

2. zerreißen, -schlagen, -trümmern, kaputt machen umg

3. PHYS Licht, Strahlen, weitS. Wellen, Wind brechen, einen Stoß oder Fall abfangen, dämpfen, auch fig abschwächen

4. ab-, unterbrechen, trennen, aufheben, sprengen:

break company

a) auseinandergehen,

b) sich wegstehlen;

break a journey eine Reise unterbrechen;

break one’s silence sein Schweigen brechen;

a cry broke the silence ein Schrei zerriss die Stille;

break a set

a) einen Satz (z. B. Gläser durch Zerbrechen eines einzelnen Teiles) unvollständig machen,

b) einen Satz (z. B. Briefmarken) auseinanderreißen;

break a siege eine Belagerung aufheben; → blockade A 1, camp¹ A 1, fast³ B 1, ice¹ A 1

5. ELEK

a) einen Stromkreis oder Kontakt unterbrechen, einen Kontakt öffnen

b) ab-, ausschalten

6. aufgeben, ablegen:

break a custom mit einer Tradition oder Gewohnheit brechen;

break sb of sth jemandem etwas abgewöhnen; → habit 1

7. a) eine Speise, eine Ware, einen Geldschein anbrechen: → bottle¹ A 1, bread Bes Redew

b) einen Geldschein kleinmachen umg (wechseln)

8. fig jemandes Macht, Willen etc brechen, jemanden zerbrechen, jemandem das Rückgrat brechen:

break sb’s resistance jemandes Widerstand brechen;

break sb’s spirits jemandes Lebensmut brechen

9. a) Tiere zähmen, abrichten, ein Pferd zureiten, einfahren, auch jemanden gewöhnen (to an akk):

break a horse to harness (to rein) ein Pferd einfahren (zureiten)

b) ein Auto etc einfahren, neue Schuhe einlaufen, austreten

c) jemanden einarbeiten, anlernen

10. das Gesetz, einen Vertrag, sein Versprechen etc brechen, eine Regel verletzen, eine Vorschrift übertreten, verstoßen gegen, ein Tempolimit überschreiten:

rules are made to be broken Vorschriften sind dazu da, um übertreten zu werden

11. fig vernichten, (auch finanziell) ruinieren oder zugrunde richten, eine Ehe etc zerrütten:

break a will JUR ein Testament (durch gerichtliches Verfahren) aufheben; → bank¹ A 3

12. MIL

a) entlassen

b) degradieren

13. eröffnen, kundtun:

break the bad news gently to sb jemandem die schlechte Nachricht schonend beibringen

14. US umg eine Unternehmung starten

15. HIST foltern, auf der oder die Folter strecken: → wheel A 6

16. a) einen Code etc knacken umg, entschlüsseln

b) einen Fall lösen, aufklären

17. break (the) ground AGR ein Brachfeld umbrechen, -pflügen; → ground¹ A 1

18. MUS

a) einen Akkord brechen

b) Notenwerte zerlegen

C v/i

1. brechen:

break into

a) in ein Haus etc einbrechen,

b) allg und fig eindringen oder einbrechen in (akk):

break into the best social circles; → preserve B 2 b,

c) etwas unterbrechen, hineinplatzen in (akk),

d) fig ausbrechen in (akk):

he broke into laughter; → applause 1,

e) → B 7 a;

break through eine Absperrung etc durchbrechen;

break with mit jemandem, einer Tradition etc brechen; → loose A 1

2. (zer)brechen, zerspringen, -reißen, (-)platzen, entzweigehen, kaputtgehen umg:

the rope broke das Seil riss;

break open aufspringen, -platzen

3. unterbrochen werden

4. (plötzlich) auftauchen (Fisch, U-Boot)

5. sich (zer)teilen (Wolken)

6. zersprengt werden, in Unordnung geraten, weichen (Truppen), sich auflösen (Heer)

7. MED aufbrechen, -gehen (Abszess), aufplatzen (Zyste), platzen, aufspringen (Haut)

8. fig brechen (Herz, Widerstand etc)

9. nachlassen, abnehmen, gebrochen oder zerrüttet werden, verfallen (Geist oder Gesundheit), (auch seelisch) zusammenbrechen

10. umschlagen, mutieren (Stimme):

his voice broke

a) er befand sich im Stimmbruch, er mutierte,

b) ihm brach die Stimme ( with vor Rührung etc)

11. SPORT die Gangart wechseln (Pferd)

12. Tennis: breaken

13. sich brechen, branden (Wellen)

14. brechen (Eis)

15. umschlagen (Wetter)

16. anbrechen (Tag)

17. los-, ausbrechen ( over über dat):

the storm broke der Sturm brach los

18. eröffnet werden, bekannt gegeben werden (Nachricht)

19. WIRTSCH plötzlich im Preis oder Kurs fallen (Ware, Wertpapier)

20. WIRTSCH ruiniert werden, Bankrott machen oder bankrottgehen, fallieren

21. Boxen: sich trennen:

break! break!

22. rennen, hasten:

break for cover hastig in Deckung gehen

23. Pferderennen: starten

24. eine Pause machen:

break for lunch (eine) Mittagspause machen

25. besonders US umg sich entwickeln:

things are breaking well

break² [breık] s

1. Break m/n (Art Kremser mit zwei Längssitzen)

2. Wagen zum Einfahren von Pferden

* * *
1. transitive verb,
broke, broken

1) brechen; (so as to damage) zerbrechen; kaputtmachen (ugs.); aufschlagen [Ei zum Kochen]; zerreißen [Seil]; (fig.): (interrupt) unterbrechen; brechen [Bann, Zauber, Schweigen]

break something in two/in pieces — etwas in zwei Teile/in Stücke brechen

the TV/my watch is broken — der Fernseher/meine Uhr ist kaputt (ugs.)

2) (fracture) sich (Dat.) brechen; (pierce) verletzen [Haut]

he broke his leg — er hat sich (Dat.) das Bein gebrochen

break one's/somebody's back — (fig.) sich/jemanden kaputtmachen (ugs.)

break the back of something — (fig.) bei etwas das Schwerste hinter sich bringen

break open — aufbrechen

3) (violate) brechen [Vertrag, Versprechen]; verletzen, verstoßen gegen [Regel, Tradition]; nicht einhalten [Verabredung]; überschreiten [Grenze]

break the law — gegen das Gesetz verstoßen

4) (destroy) zerstören, ruinieren [Freundschaft, Ehe]

5) (surpass) brechen [Rekord]

6) (abscond from)

break jail — [aus dem Gefängnis] ausbrechen

7) (weaken) brechen, beugen [Stolz]; zusammenbrechen lassen [Streik]

break somebody's heart — jemandem das Herz brechen

break somebody — (crush) jemanden fertig machen (ugs.)

break the habit — es sich (Dat.) abgewöhnen; see also make 1. 15)

8) (cushion) auffangen [Schlag, jemandes Fall]

9) (make bankrupt) ruinieren

break the bank — die Bank sprengen

it won't break the bank — (fig. coll.) es kostet kein Vermögen

10) (reveal)

break the news that... — melden, dass...

11) (solve) entschlüsseln, entziffern [Kode, Geheimschrift]

12) (Tennis)

break service/somebody's service — den Aufschlag des Gegners/jemandes Aufschlag durchbrechen. See also broken 2.
2. intransitive verb,
broke, broken

1) kaputtgehen (ugs.); entzweigehen; [Faden, Seil:] [zer]reißen; [Glas, Tasse, Teller:] zerbrechen; [Eis:] brechen

somebody's heart is breaking — jemandem bricht das Herz

break in two/in pieces — entzweibrechen

2) (crack) [Fenster-, Glasscheibe:] zerspringen

my back was nearly breaking — ich brach mir fast das Kreuz

3) (sever links)

break with somebody/something — mit jemandem/etwas brechen

4)

break into — einbrechen in (+ Akk.) [Haus]; aufbrechen [Safe]

he broke into a sweat — ihm brach der Schweiß aus

break into a trot/run — etc. zu traben/laufen usw. anfangen

break into a banknote — eine Banknote anbrechen

break out of prison — etc. aus dem Gefängnis usw. ausbrechen

5)

break free or loose [from somebody/somebody's grip] — sich [von jemandem/aus jemandes Griff] losreißen

break free/loose [from prison] — [aus dem Gefängnis] ausbrechen

6) [Welle:] sich brechen (on/against an + Dat.)

7) [Wetter:] umschlagen

8) [Wolkendecke:] aufreißen

9) [Tag:] anbrechen

10) [Sturm:] losbrechen

11)

somebody's voice is breaking — jemand kommt in den Stimmbruch; (with emotion) jemandem bricht die Stimme

12) (have interval)

break for coffee/lunch — [eine] Kaffee-/Mittagspause machen

13) (become public) bekannt werden
3. noun
1) Bruch, der; (of rope) Reißen, das

break [of service] — (Tennis) Break, der od. das

a break with somebody/something — ein Bruch mit jemandem/etwas

break of day — Tagesanbruch, der

2) (gap) Lücke, die; (Electr.): (in circuit) Unterbrechung, die

3) (sudden dash)

they made a sudden break [for it] — sie stürmten plötzlich davon

4) (interruption) Unterbrechung, die

5) (pause, holiday) Pause, die

during the commercial breaks on TV — während der Werbespots im Fernsehen

take or have a break — [eine] Pause machen

6) (coll.): (fair chance, piece of luck) Chance, die

lucky break — große Chance

that was a bad break for him — das war Pech für ihn

Phrasal Verbs:

- break away

- break down

- break in

- break into

- break off

- break out

- break out of

- break through

- break up

* * *

(printing) n.

Absatz -¨e (Buchdruck) m. n.

Arbeitspause f.

Bruch ¨-e m.

Lücke -n f.

Pause -n (Schule) f.

Pause -n (Sport) f.

Pause -n f.

Rast -en f.

Umbruch -¨e (von Gefäß) m.

Unterbrechung f. (up) with someone expr.

jemandem die Freundschaft aufkündigen ausdr. v.

(§ p.,p.p.: broke, broken)

= abbrechen v.

aufheben v.

stoppen v.

unterbrechen v.

zersplittern v.

English-german dictionary > break
8 Down

I noun
(Geog.) [baumloser] Höhenzug; in pl. Downs Pl. (an der Süd- und Südostküste Englands)
II noun
1) (of bird) Daunen Pl.; Flaum, der

2) (hair) Flaum, der
III 1. adverb
1) (to lower place, to downstairs, southwards) runter (bes. ugs.); herunter/hinunter (bes. schriftsprachlich); (in lift) abwärts; (in crossword puzzle) senkrecht

[right] down to something — [ganz] bis zu etwas her-/hinunter

go down to the shops/the end of the road — zu den Läden/zum Ende der Straße hinuntergehen

2) (Brit.): (from capital) raus (bes. ugs.); heraus/hinaus (bes. schriftsprachlich)

get down to Reading from London — von London nach Reading raus-/hinausfahren

come down from Edinburgh to London — von Edinburgh nach London [he]runterkommen

3) (of money): (at once) sofort

pay for something cash down — etwas [in] bar bezahlen

4) (into prostration) nieder[fallen, -geschlagen werden]

shout the place/house down — (fig.) schreien, dass die Wände zittern

5) (on to paper)

copy something down from the board — etwas von der Tafel abschreiben

6) (on programme)

put a meeting down for 2 p.m. — ein Treffen für od. auf 14 Uhr ansetzen

7) as int. runter! (bes. ugs.); (to dog) leg dich!; nieder!; (Mil.) hinlegen!

down with imperialism/the president! — nieder mit dem Imperialismus/dem Präsidenten!

8) (in lower place, downstairs, in fallen position, in south) unten

down on the floor — auf dem Fußboden

low/lower down — tief/tiefer unten

down under the table — unter dem Tisch

wear one's hair down — sein Haar offen tragen

down there/here — da/hier unten

X metres down — X Meter tief

his flat is on the next floor down — seine Wohnung ist ein Stockwerk tiefer

down in Wales/in the country — weit weg in Wales/draußen auf dem Lande

down south — unten im Süden (ugs.)

down south/east — (Amer.) in den Südstaaten/im Osten

down [on the floor] — (Boxing) am Boden; auf den Brettern

down and out — (Boxing) k. o.; (fig.) fertig (ugs.)

9) (prostrate) auf dem Fußboden/der Erde

be down with an illness — eine Krankheit haben

10) (on paper)

be down in writing/on paper/in print — niedergeschrieben/zu Papier gebracht/gedruckt sein

11) (on programme) angesetzt [Termin, Treffen]

12) (facing downwards, bowed) zu Boden

keep one's eyes down — zu Boden sehen

be down — (brought to the ground) am Boden liegen

13) (in depression)

down [in the mouth] — niedergeschlagen

14) (now cheaper) [jetzt] billiger

15)

be down to... — (have only... left) nichts mehr haben außer...

we're down to our last £100 — wir haben nur noch 100 Pfund

now it's down to him to do something — nun liegt es bei od. an ihm, etwas zu tun

16) (to reduced consistency or size)

thin gravy down — Soße verdünnen

the water had boiled right down — das Wasser war fast verdampft

wear the soles down — die Sohlen ablaufen

17) (including lower limit)

from... down to... — von... bis zu... hinunter

18) (in position of lagging or loss) weniger

be three points/games down — mit drei Punkten/Spielen zurückliegen

be down on one's earnings of the previous year — weniger verdienen als im Vorjahr

be down on one's luck — eine Pechsträhne haben. See also academic.ru/79258/up">up 1.
2. preposition
1) (downwards along, from top to bottom of) runter (bes. ugs.); herunter/hinunter (bes. schriftsprachlich)

lower down the river — weiter unten am Fluss

fall down the stairs/steps — die Treppe/Stufen herunterstürzen

his eye travelled down the list — sein Auge wanderte über die Liste

walk down the hill/road — den Hügel/die Straße heruntergehen

2) (downwards through) durch

3) (downwards into) rein in (+ Akk.) (bes. ugs.); hinein in (+ Akk.) (bes. schriftsprachlich)

fall down a hole/ditch — in ein Loch/einen Graben fallen

4) (downwards over) über (+ Akk.)

spill water all down one's skirt — sich (Dat.) Wasser über den Rock gießen

5) (downwards in time)

the tradition has continued down the ages — die Tradition ist von Generation zu Generation weitergegeben worden

6) (along)

come down the street — die Straße herunter- od. entlangkommen

go down the pub/disco — (Brit. coll.) in die Kneipe/Disko gehen

7) (at or in a lower position in or on) [weiter] unten

further down the ladder/coast — weiter unten auf der Leiter/an der Küste

live just down the road — ein Stück weiter unten in der Straße wohnen

8) (from top to bottom along) an (+ Dat.)

down the side of a house — an der Seite eines Hauses

9) (all over) überall auf (+ Dat.)

I've got coffee [all] down my skirt — mein ganzer Rock ist voll Kaffee

10) (Brit. coll.): (in, at)

down the pub/café/town — in der Kneipe/im Café/in der Stadt
3. adjective
(directed downwards) nach unten führend [Rohr, Kabel]; [Rolltreppe] nach unten; nach unten gerichtet [Kolbenhub, Sog]; aus der Hauptstadt herausführend [Bahnlinie]
4. transitive verb
(coll.)

1) (knock down) auf die Bretter schicken [Boxer]

2) (drink down) leer machen (ugs.) [Flasche, Glas]; schlucken (ugs.) [Getränk]

3)

down tools — (cease work) zu arbeiten aufhören; (take a break) die Arbeit unterbrechen; (go on strike) die Arbeit niederlegen

4) (shoot down) abschießen, (ugs.) runterholen [Flugzeug]
5. noun
(coll.)

have a down on somebody/something — jemanden/etwas auf dem Kieker haben (ugs.); see also up 4.
•• Cultural note:
Downing Street

Der Name einer Straße in Westminster im Zentrum von London. Das Haus mit der Nummer 10 in der Downing Street ist der offizielle Sitz des Premierministers und das mit der Nummer 11 der des Finanzministers. Unter Journalisten ist der Ausdruck Downing Street oder Number 10 gebräuchlich, wenn vom Amtssitz des Premierministers die Rede ist

* * *
I 1. adverb
1) (towards or in a low or lower position, level or state: He climbed down to the bottom of the ladder.) hinunter

2) (on or to the ground: The little boy fell down and cut his knee.) zum/auf den Boden

3) (from earlier to later times: The recipe has been handed down in our family for years.) weiter

4) (from a greater to a smaller size, amount etc: Prices have been going down steadily.) gefallen

5) (towards or in a place thought of as being lower, especially southward or away from a centre: We went down from Glasgow to Bristol.) hinunter
2. preposition
1) (in a lower position on: Their house is halfway down the hill.) hinunter

2) (to a lower position on, by, through or along: Water poured down the drain.) hinunter

3) (along: The teacher's gaze travelled slowly down the line of children.) entlang
3. verb
(to finish (a drink) very quickly, especially in one gulp: He downed a pint of beer.) hinunterkippen

- downward
- downwards
- downward
- down-and-out
- down-at-heel
- downcast
- downfall
- downgrade
- downhearted
- downhill
- downhill racing
- downhill skiing
- down-in-the-mouth
- down payment
- downpour
- downright 4. adjective
He is a downright nuisance!)

- downstairs
- downstream
- down-to-earth
- downtown
- downtown
- down-trodden
- be/go down with
- down on one's luck
- down tools
- down with
- get down to
- suit someone down to the ground
- suit down to the ground II noun
(small, soft feathers: a quilt filled with down.) Daunen (pl.)

- downie®
- downy
* * *

down¹

[daʊn]

I. ADVERB

1. (movement to a lower position) hinunter, hinab geh; (towards the speaker) herunter, herab geh

get \down off that table! komm sofort vom Tisch herunter!

the leaflet slipped \down behind the wardrobe die Broschüre ist hinter den Kleiderschrank gerutscht

come further \down [the steps] komm noch etwas weiter [die Treppe] runter fam

“\down!” (to a dog) „Platz!“

▪ to fall \down (drop) hinunterfallen; (fall over) umfallen; (stumble) hinfallen

▪ to let sth \down etw herunterlassen

to lie sth \down etw hinlegen [o ablegen]

to pull sth \down etw nach unten ziehen

to put \down sth etw hinstellen [o abstellen

2. (downwards) nach unten

head \down mit dem Kopf nach unten

to be [or lie] face \down auf dem Bauch [o mit dem Gesicht nach unten] liegen

to point down nach unten zeigen

3. (in a lower position) unten

\down here/there hier/dort unten

\down at/by/in sth unten an/bei/in etw dat

4. inv (in the south) im Süden, unten fam; (towards the south) in den Süden, runter fam

things are much more expensive \down [in the] south unten im Süden ist alles viel teurer

how often do you come \down to Cornwall? wie oft kommen Sie nach Cornwall runter? fam

5. inv (away from the centre) außerhalb

my parents live \down in Worcestershire meine Eltern leben außerhalb [von hier] in Worcestershire

he has a house \down by the harbour er hat ein Haus draußen am Hafen

\down our way hier in unserem Viertel [o unserer Gegend] [o SCHWEIZ Quartier

6. ( fam: badly off) unten

she's certainly come \down in the world! mit ihr ist es ganz schön bergab gegangen! fam

to be \down on one's luck eine Pechsträhne haben

she's been \down on her luck recently in letzter Zeit ist sie vom Pech verfolgt

to hit [or kick] sb when he's \down jdn treten, wenn er schon am Boden liegt fig

7. (have only)

▪ to be \down to sth nur noch etw haben

when the rescue party found her, she was \down to her last bar of chocolate als die Rettungsmannschaft sie fand, hatte sie nur noch einen Riegel Schokolade

8. (ill)

to be \down with sth an etw dat erkrankt sein

she's \down with flu sie liegt mit einer Grippe im Bett

to come [or go] \down with sth an etw dat erkranken, etw kriegen fam

I think I'm going \down with a cold ich glaube, ich kriege eine Erkältung fam

9. SPORT im Rückstand

Milan were three goals \down at half-time zur Halbzeit lag Mailand [um] drei Tore zurück

10. (back in time, to a later time)

Joan of Arc's fame has echoed \down [through] the centuries Jeanne d'Arcs Ruhm hat die Jahrhunderte überdauert

\down to the last century bis ins vorige Jahrhundert [hinein]

to come \down myths überliefert werden

to pass [or hand] sth \down etw weitergeben [o überliefern

11. (at/to a lower amount) niedriger

the pay offer is \down 2% from last year das Lohnangebot liegt 2 % unter dem vom Vorjahr

he quit the poker game when he was only $50 \down er hörte mit dem Pokerspiel auf, als er erst 50 Dollar verloren hatte

to get the price \down den Preis drücken [o herunterhandeln]

to go \down sinken

the number of students has gone \down die Zahl der Studierenden ist gesunken

12. (in/to a less intense degree) herunter

let the fire burn \down lass das Feuer herunterbrennen

settle \down, you two gebt mal ein bisschen Ruhe, ihr zwei

to turn the music/radio \down die Musik/das Radio leiser stellen [o machen]

to water a drink \down ein Getränk verwässern

13. (including) bis einschließlich

the entire administration has come under suspicion, from the mayor \down das gesamte Verwaltungspersonal, angefangen beim Bürgermeister, ist in Verdacht geraten

everyone, from the director \down to the secretaries, was questioned by the police vom Direktor angefangen bis hin zu den Sekretärinnen, wurde jeder von der Polizei verhört

14. (on paper)

to have sth \down in writing [or on paper] etw schriftlich [o fam schwarz auf weiß] haben

to get [or put] sb \down for sth jdn für etw akk vormerken

we've got you \down for five tickets wir haben fünf Karten für Sie vorbestellt

15. (swallowed) hinunter, runter fam

to get sth \down etw [hinunter]schlucken

she couldn't get the pill \down sie brachte die Tablette nicht hinunter fam

you'll feel better once you've got some hot soup \down du wirst dich besser fühlen, sobald du ein bisschen heiße Suppe gegessen hast

16. (thoroughly) gründlich

he washed the car \down er wusch den Wagen von oben bis unten

17. (already finished) vorbei

two lectures \down, eight to go zwei Vorlesungen haben wir schon besucht, es bleiben also noch acht

18. (as initial payment) als Anzahlung

to pay [or put] £100 \down 100 Pfund anzahlen

19. (attributable)

▪ to be \down to sth auf etw akk zurückzuführen sein

the problem is \down to her inexperience, not any lack of intelligence es liegt an ihrer Unerfahrenheit, nicht an mangelnder Intelligenz

to be [or AM also come] \down to sb jds Sache sein

it's all \down to you now to make it work nun ist es an Ihnen, die Sache in Gang zu bringen

20. (reduce to)

to come \down to sth auf etw akk hinauslaufen

what the problem comes \down to is this:... die entscheidende Frage ist:...

well, if I bring it \down to its simplest level,... also, stark vereinfacht könnte man sagen,...

21. (in crossword puzzles) senkrecht

22.

▶ \down to the ground völlig, ganz und gar, total fam

that suits me \down to the ground das ist genau das Richtige für mich

II. PREPOSITION

1. (in a downward direction) hinunter; (towards the speaker) herunter

my uncle's in hospital after falling \down some stairs mein Onkel ist im Krankenhaus, nachdem er die Treppe heruntergefallen [o hinuntergefallen] ist

up and \down the stairs die Treppe rauf und runter fam

she poured the liquid \down the sink sie schüttete die Flüssigkeit in den Abfluss

2. (downhill) hinunter, hinab geh; (towards the speaker) herunter [o geh herab]

to come \down the hill den Hügel heruntersteigen [o geh herabsteigen]

to go \down the mountain den Berg hinuntersteigen [o geh hinabsteigen

3. (along) entlang

go \down the street gehen Sie die Straße entlang [o hinunter]

her office is \down the corridor on the right ihr Büro ist weiter den Gang entlang auf der rechten Seite

we drove \down the motorway as far as Bristol wir fuhren auf der Schnellstraße bis Bristol

I ran my finger \down the list of ingredients ich ging mit dem Finger die Zutatenliste durch

her long red hair reached most of the way \down her back ihre langen roten Haare bedeckten fast ihren ganzen Rücken

to sail the boat \down the river mit dem Boot flussabwärts segeln

4. (in a particular place)

\down sb's way in jds Gegend

they speak with a peculiar accent \down his way in seiner Ecke haben die Leute einen besonderen Akzent fam

5. (through time)

\down the ages von Generation zu Generation

\down the centuries die Jahrhunderte hindurch

\down the generations über Generationen hinweg

6. BRIT, AUS ( fam: to)

I went \down the pub with my mates ich ging mit meinen Freunden in die Kneipe

to go \down the shops einkaufen gehen

7. (inside) in + dat

you'll feel better once you've got some hot soup \down you du wirst dich besser fühlen, sobald du ein bisschen heiße Suppe im Magen hast

8.

▶ to go \down the drain [or toilet] [or tube[s]] ( fam)

▶ to go \down the plughole [or BRIT also pan] [or AUS gurgler] ( fam) für die Katz sein sl

we don't want all their hard work to go \down the drain ich möchte nicht, dass ihre harte Arbeit ganz umsonst ist

▶ \down the road [or line] [or track] auf der ganzen Linie fig, voll und ganz

III. ADJECTIVE

<more \down, most \down>

1. attr, inv (moving downward) abwärtsführend, nach unten nach n

the \down escalator die Rolltreppe nach unten

2. pred ( fam: unhappy, sad) niedergeschlagen, down fam

I've been feeling a bit \down this week diese Woche bin ich nicht so gut drauf fam

3. pred, inv ( fam: disapproving of)

▪ to be \down on sb jdn auf dem Kieker [o ÖSTERR, SCHWEIZ im Visier] haben fam

4. pred, inv (not functioning) außer Betrieb

the computer will be \down for an hour der Computer wird für eine Stunde abgeschaltet

I'm afraid the [telephone] lines are \down ich fürchte, die Telefonleitungen sind tot

5. attr, inv BRIT ( dated: travelling away from the city) stadtauswärts fahrend attr

\down platform Bahnsteig m [o SCHWEIZ Perron m] für stadtauswärts fahrende Züge

6. (sunk to a low level) niedrig

the river is \down der Fluss hat [o geh führt] Niedrigwasser

IV. TRANSITIVE VERB

1. (knock down)

▪ to \down sb jdn zu Fall bringen; BOXING jdn niederschlagen [o sl auf die Bretter schicken

2. (shoot down)

▪ to \down sth etw abschießen [o fam runterholen

3. esp BRIT

to \down tools (cease work) mit der Arbeit aufhören; (have a break) die Arbeit unterbrechen; (during a strike) die Arbeit niederlegen

the printers are threatening to \down tools die Drucker drohen mit Arbeitsniederlegungen

4. AM, AUS SPORT (beat)

▪ to \down sb jdn schlagen [o fam fertigmachen

5.

▪ to \down sth (swallow) etw hinunterschlucken; (eat) etw essen; (eat quickly) etw verschlingen [o hinunterschlingen]; (drink) etw trinken; (drink quickly) etw hinunterkippen [o fam runterschütten] [o SCHWEIZ runterleeren]

he'd \downed four beers er hatte vier Bier gekippt fam

V. NOUN

1. (bad fortune) Tiefpunkt m, schlechte Zeit

ups and \downs Auf und Ab nt

well, we've had our ups and \downs wir haben schon Höhen und Tiefen durchgemacht

2. no pl ( fam: dislike) Groll m

▪ to have a \down on sb jdn auf dem Kieker [o ÖSTERR, SCHWEIZ im Visier] haben fam

why do you have a \down on him? was hast du gegen ihn?

3. AM FBALL Versuch m

it's second \down es ist der zweite Versuch

VI. INTERJECTION

\down with taxes! weg mit den Steuern!

\down with the dictator! nieder mit dem Diktator!

down²

[daʊn]

I. n no pl

1. (soft feathers) Daunen pl, Flaumfedern pl

2. (soft hair or fluff) [Bart]flaum m, feine Härchen

II. n modifier Daunen-

\down jacket/quilt Daunenjacke f/-decke f

down³

[daʊn]

n esp BRIT Hügelland nt, [baumloser] Höhenzug

▪ the \downs pl die Downs (an der Südküste Englands)

* * *
I [daʊn]
1. ADVERB
When down is an element in a phrasal verb, eg get down, sit down, stand down, write down, look up the verb.
1) indicating movement towards speaker herunter; (away from speaker) hinunter; (downstairs) nach unten

to jump down — herunter-/hinunterspringen

on his way down from the summit — auf seinem Weg vom Gipfel herab/hinab

on the way down to London — auf dem Weg nach London runter (inf)

all the way down to the bottom — bis ganz nach unten

down! (to dog) — Platz! __diams; down with...! nieder mit...!

2) indicating static position unten

down there — da unten

I'll stay down here —

down in the valley — unten im Tal

it needs a bit of paint down at the bottom — es muss unten herum neu gestrichen werden

don't kick a man when he's down (fig) — man soll jemanden nicht fertigmachen, wenn er schon angeschlagen ist or wenns ihm dreckig geht (inf)

head down — mit dem Kopf nach unten

the sun was down —

the blinds were down — die Jalousien waren unten or heruntergelassen

I'll be down in a minute —

to be down for the count (Boxing) — ausgezählt werden

I've been down with flu — ich habe mit Grippe (im Bett) gelegen

3)

= to or in another place usu not translated he came down from London yesterday — er kam gestern aus London

he's down in London/at his brother's — er ist in London/bei seinem Bruder

he lives down South — er wohnt im Süden

we're going down South — wir fahren in den Süden

we're going down to the seaside/to Dover — wir fahren an die See/nach Dover

4)

= below previous level his temperature is down —

his shoes were worn down the price of meat is down on last week — seine Schuhe waren abgetragen der Fleischpreis ist gegenüber der letzten Woche gefallen

interest rates are down to/by 3% — der Zinssatz ist auf/um 3% gefallen

I'm £20 down on what I expected — ich habe £ 20 weniger als ich dachte

he's down to his last £10 — er hat nur noch £ 10

they're still three goals down — sie liegen immer noch mit drei Toren zurück

See:

→ luck

5)

in writing I've got it down in my diary — ich habe es in meinem Kalender notiert

let's get it down on paper — schreiben wir es auf, halten wir es schriftlich fest

when you see it down on paper — wenn man es schwarz auf weiß sieht

to be down for the next race — für das nächste Rennen gemeldet sein

it's down for next month — es steht für nächsten Monat auf dem Programm

6)

indicating range or succession usu not translated from the biggest down — vom Größten angefangen

down through the ages — von jeher

from 1700 down to the present —

right down to the present day — bis zum heutigen Tag

from the chairman (all the way) down to the doorman — vom Vorsitzenden bis (herunter) zum Pförtner

7) indicating responsibility __diams; to be down to sb/sth (= caused by) an jdm/etw liegen

any mistakes are down to us — irgendwelche Fehler liegen an uns

8)

as deposit to pay £20 down — £ 20 anzahlen

I've put down a deposit on a new bike —

how much do they want down? — was verlangen sie als Anzahlung?

2. PREPOSITION

1)

indicating movement downwards to go/come down the hill/the stairs etc — den Berg/die Treppe etc hinuntergehen/herunterkommen

he ran his finger down the list — er ging (mit dem Finger) die Liste durch

her hair fell loose down her back — sie trug ihr Haar offen über die Schultern

2)

at a lower part of he's already halfway down the hill — er ist schon auf halbem Wege nach unten

the other skiers were further down the slope — die anderen Skifahrer waren weiter unten

she lives just down the street — sie wohnt ein Stückchen weiter die Straße entlang

3)

= along he was walking/coming down the street — er ging/kam die Straße entlang

if you look down this road, you can see... — wenn Sie diese Straße hinunterblicken, können Sie... sehen

4)

= throughout down the centuries — durch die Jahrhunderte (hindurch)

5)

= to, in, at Brit inf he's gone down the pub — er ist in die Kneipe gegangen

she's down the shops — sie ist einkaufen gegangen

he works down the garage — er arbeitet in der Autowerkstatt

3. NOUN
(= dislike) __diams; to have a down on sb (inf) jdn auf dem Kieker haben (inf) → up
See:

→ up

4. ADJECTIVE (inf)

1)

= depressed he was (feeling) a bit down — er fühlte sich ein wenig down (inf) or niedergeschlagen

2)

= not working to be down — außer Betrieb sein; (Comput) abgestürzt sein

5. TRANSITIVE VERB
opponent niederschlagen, zu Fall bringen; enemy planes abschießen, (he)runterholen (inf); (FTBL ETC, inf) player legen (inf); beer etc runterkippen or -schütten (inf)
to down tools — die Arbeit niederlegen
II
n
(= feathers) Daunen pl, Flaumfedern pl; (= fine hair) Flaum m III
n usu pl (GEOG)
Hügelland nt no pl
on the down(s) — im Hügelland

* * *

Down [daʊn] s Down n (Grafschaft in Nordirland)

* * *
I noun
(Geog.) [baumloser] Höhenzug; in pl. Downs Pl. (an der Süd- und Südostküste Englands)
II noun
1) (of bird) Daunen Pl.; Flaum, der

2) (hair) Flaum, der
III 1. adverb
1) (to lower place, to downstairs, southwards) runter (bes. ugs.); herunter/hinunter (bes. schriftsprachlich); (in lift) abwärts; (in crossword puzzle) senkrecht

[right] down to something — [ganz] bis zu etwas her-/hinunter

go down to the shops/the end of the road — zu den Läden/zum Ende der Straße hinuntergehen

2) (Brit.): (from capital) raus (bes. ugs.); heraus/hinaus (bes. schriftsprachlich)

get down to Reading from London — von London nach Reading raus-/hinausfahren

come down from Edinburgh to London — von Edinburgh nach London [he]runterkommen

3) (of money): (at once) sofort

pay for something cash down — etwas [in] bar bezahlen

4) (into prostration) nieder[fallen, -geschlagen werden]

shout the place/house down — (fig.) schreien, dass die Wände zittern

5) (on to paper)

copy something down from the board — etwas von der Tafel abschreiben

6) (on programme)

put a meeting down for 2 p.m. — ein Treffen für od. auf 14 Uhr ansetzen

7) as int. runter! (bes. ugs.); (to dog) leg dich!; nieder!; (Mil.) hinlegen!

down with imperialism/the president! — nieder mit dem Imperialismus/dem Präsidenten!

8) (in lower place, downstairs, in fallen position, in south) unten

down on the floor — auf dem Fußboden

low/lower down — tief/tiefer unten

down under the table — unter dem Tisch

wear one's hair down — sein Haar offen tragen

down there/here — da/hier unten

X metres down — X Meter tief

his flat is on the next floor down — seine Wohnung ist ein Stockwerk tiefer

down in Wales/in the country — weit weg in Wales/draußen auf dem Lande

down south — unten im Süden (ugs.)

down south/east — (Amer.) in den Südstaaten/im Osten

down [on the floor] — (Boxing) am Boden; auf den Brettern

down and out — (Boxing) k. o.; (fig.) fertig (ugs.)

9) (prostrate) auf dem Fußboden/der Erde

be down with an illness — eine Krankheit haben

10) (on paper)

be down in writing/on paper/in print — niedergeschrieben/zu Papier gebracht/gedruckt sein

11) (on programme) angesetzt [Termin, Treffen]

12) (facing downwards, bowed) zu Boden

keep one's eyes down — zu Boden sehen

be down — (brought to the ground) am Boden liegen

13) (in depression)

down [in the mouth] — niedergeschlagen

14) (now cheaper) [jetzt] billiger

15)

be down to... — (have only... left) nichts mehr haben außer...

we're down to our last £100 — wir haben nur noch 100 Pfund

now it's down to him to do something — nun liegt es bei od. an ihm, etwas zu tun

16) (to reduced consistency or size)

thin gravy down — Soße verdünnen

the water had boiled right down — das Wasser war fast verdampft

wear the soles down — die Sohlen ablaufen

17) (including lower limit)

from... down to... — von... bis zu... hinunter

18) (in position of lagging or loss) weniger

be three points/games down — mit drei Punkten/Spielen zurückliegen

be down on one's earnings of the previous year — weniger verdienen als im Vorjahr

be down on one's luck — eine Pechsträhne haben. See also up 1.
2. preposition
1) (downwards along, from top to bottom of) runter (bes. ugs.); herunter/hinunter (bes. schriftsprachlich)

lower down the river — weiter unten am Fluss

fall down the stairs/steps — die Treppe/Stufen herunterstürzen

his eye travelled down the list — sein Auge wanderte über die Liste

walk down the hill/road — den Hügel/die Straße heruntergehen

2) (downwards through) durch

3) (downwards into) rein in (+ Akk.) (bes. ugs.); hinein in (+ Akk.) (bes. schriftsprachlich)

fall down a hole/ditch — in ein Loch/einen Graben fallen

4) (downwards over) über (+ Akk.)

spill water all down one's skirt — sich (Dat.) Wasser über den Rock gießen

5) (downwards in time)

the tradition has continued down the ages — die Tradition ist von Generation zu Generation weitergegeben worden

6) (along)

come down the street — die Straße herunter- od. entlangkommen

go down the pub/disco — (Brit. coll.) in die Kneipe/Disko gehen

7) (at or in a lower position in or on) [weiter] unten

further down the ladder/coast — weiter unten auf der Leiter/an der Küste

live just down the road — ein Stück weiter unten in der Straße wohnen

8) (from top to bottom along) an (+ Dat.)

down the side of a house — an der Seite eines Hauses

9) (all over) überall auf (+ Dat.)

I've got coffee [all] down my skirt — mein ganzer Rock ist voll Kaffee

10) (Brit. coll.): (in, at)

down the pub/café/town — in der Kneipe/im Café/in der Stadt
3. adjective
(directed downwards) nach unten führend [Rohr, Kabel]; [Rolltreppe] nach unten; nach unten gerichtet [Kolbenhub, Sog]; aus der Hauptstadt herausführend [Bahnlinie]
4. transitive verb
(coll.)

1) (knock down) auf die Bretter schicken [Boxer]

2) (drink down) leer machen (ugs.) [Flasche, Glas]; schlucken (ugs.) [Getränk]

3)

down tools — (cease work) zu arbeiten aufhören; (take a break) die Arbeit unterbrechen; (go on strike) die Arbeit niederlegen

4) (shoot down) abschießen, (ugs.) runterholen [Flugzeug]
5. noun
(coll.)

have a down on somebody/something — jemanden/etwas auf dem Kieker haben (ugs.); see also up 4.
•• Cultural note:
Downing Street

Der Name einer Straße in Westminster im Zentrum von London. Das Haus mit der Nummer 10 in der Downing Street ist der offizielle Sitz des Premierministers und das mit der Nummer 11 der des Finanzministers. Unter Journalisten ist der Ausdruck Downing Street oder Number 10 gebräuchlich, wenn vom Amtssitz des Premierministers die Rede ist

* * *

(fluff) n.

Flaum nur sing. m. (feathers) n.

Daune -n f. adj.

abwärts adj.

herab adj.

herunter adj.

hinab adj.

hinunter adj.

nieder adj.

rückwärts adj.

unten adj.

zusammengebrochen (alt.Rechtschreibung) adj.

English-german dictionary > Down
9 down

I noun
(Geog.) [baumloser] Höhenzug; in pl. Downs Pl. (an der Süd- und Südostküste Englands)
II noun
1) (of bird) Daunen Pl.; Flaum, der

2) (hair) Flaum, der
III 1. adverb
1) (to lower place, to downstairs, southwards) runter (bes. ugs.); herunter/hinunter (bes. schriftsprachlich); (in lift) abwärts; (in crossword puzzle) senkrecht

[right] down to something — [ganz] bis zu etwas her-/hinunter

go down to the shops/the end of the road — zu den Läden/zum Ende der Straße hinuntergehen

2) (Brit.): (from capital) raus (bes. ugs.); heraus/hinaus (bes. schriftsprachlich)

get down to Reading from London — von London nach Reading raus-/hinausfahren

come down from Edinburgh to London — von Edinburgh nach London [he]runterkommen

3) (of money): (at once) sofort

pay for something cash down — etwas [in] bar bezahlen

4) (into prostration) nieder[fallen, -geschlagen werden]

shout the place/house down — (fig.) schreien, dass die Wände zittern

5) (on to paper)

copy something down from the board — etwas von der Tafel abschreiben

6) (on programme)

put a meeting down for 2 p.m. — ein Treffen für od. auf 14 Uhr ansetzen

7) as int. runter! (bes. ugs.); (to dog) leg dich!; nieder!; (Mil.) hinlegen!

down with imperialism/the president! — nieder mit dem Imperialismus/dem Präsidenten!

8) (in lower place, downstairs, in fallen position, in south) unten

down on the floor — auf dem Fußboden

low/lower down — tief/tiefer unten

down under the table — unter dem Tisch

wear one's hair down — sein Haar offen tragen

down there/here — da/hier unten

X metres down — X Meter tief

his flat is on the next floor down — seine Wohnung ist ein Stockwerk tiefer

down in Wales/in the country — weit weg in Wales/draußen auf dem Lande

down south — unten im Süden (ugs.)

down south/east — (Amer.) in den Südstaaten/im Osten

down [on the floor] — (Boxing) am Boden; auf den Brettern

down and out — (Boxing) k. o.; (fig.) fertig (ugs.)

9) (prostrate) auf dem Fußboden/der Erde

be down with an illness — eine Krankheit haben

10) (on paper)

be down in writing/on paper/in print — niedergeschrieben/zu Papier gebracht/gedruckt sein

11) (on programme) angesetzt [Termin, Treffen]

12) (facing downwards, bowed) zu Boden

keep one's eyes down — zu Boden sehen

be down — (brought to the ground) am Boden liegen

13) (in depression)

down [in the mouth] — niedergeschlagen

14) (now cheaper) [jetzt] billiger

15)

be down to... — (have only... left) nichts mehr haben außer...

we're down to our last £100 — wir haben nur noch 100 Pfund

now it's down to him to do something — nun liegt es bei od. an ihm, etwas zu tun

16) (to reduced consistency or size)

thin gravy down — Soße verdünnen

the water had boiled right down — das Wasser war fast verdampft

wear the soles down — die Sohlen ablaufen

17) (including lower limit)

from... down to... — von... bis zu... hinunter

18) (in position of lagging or loss) weniger

be three points/games down — mit drei Punkten/Spielen zurückliegen

be down on one's earnings of the previous year — weniger verdienen als im Vorjahr

be down on one's luck — eine Pechsträhne haben. See also academic.ru/79258/up">up 1.
2. preposition
1) (downwards along, from top to bottom of) runter (bes. ugs.); herunter/hinunter (bes. schriftsprachlich)

lower down the river — weiter unten am Fluss

fall down the stairs/steps — die Treppe/Stufen herunterstürzen

his eye travelled down the list — sein Auge wanderte über die Liste

walk down the hill/road — den Hügel/die Straße heruntergehen

2) (downwards through) durch

3) (downwards into) rein in (+ Akk.) (bes. ugs.); hinein in (+ Akk.) (bes. schriftsprachlich)

fall down a hole/ditch — in ein Loch/einen Graben fallen

4) (downwards over) über (+ Akk.)

spill water all down one's skirt — sich (Dat.) Wasser über den Rock gießen

5) (downwards in time)

the tradition has continued down the ages — die Tradition ist von Generation zu Generation weitergegeben worden

6) (along)

come down the street — die Straße herunter- od. entlangkommen

go down the pub/disco — (Brit. coll.) in die Kneipe/Disko gehen

7) (at or in a lower position in or on) [weiter] unten

further down the ladder/coast — weiter unten auf der Leiter/an der Küste

live just down the road — ein Stück weiter unten in der Straße wohnen

8) (from top to bottom along) an (+ Dat.)

down the side of a house — an der Seite eines Hauses

9) (all over) überall auf (+ Dat.)

I've got coffee [all] down my skirt — mein ganzer Rock ist voll Kaffee

10) (Brit. coll.): (in, at)

down the pub/café/town — in der Kneipe/im Café/in der Stadt
3. adjective
(directed downwards) nach unten führend [Rohr, Kabel]; [Rolltreppe] nach unten; nach unten gerichtet [Kolbenhub, Sog]; aus der Hauptstadt herausführend [Bahnlinie]
4. transitive verb
(coll.)

1) (knock down) auf die Bretter schicken [Boxer]

2) (drink down) leer machen (ugs.) [Flasche, Glas]; schlucken (ugs.) [Getränk]

3)

down tools — (cease work) zu arbeiten aufhören; (take a break) die Arbeit unterbrechen; (go on strike) die Arbeit niederlegen

4) (shoot down) abschießen, (ugs.) runterholen [Flugzeug]
5. noun
(coll.)

have a down on somebody/something — jemanden/etwas auf dem Kieker haben (ugs.); see also up 4.
•• Cultural note:
Downing Street

Der Name einer Straße in Westminster im Zentrum von London. Das Haus mit der Nummer 10 in der Downing Street ist der offizielle Sitz des Premierministers und das mit der Nummer 11 der des Finanzministers. Unter Journalisten ist der Ausdruck Downing Street oder Number 10 gebräuchlich, wenn vom Amtssitz des Premierministers die Rede ist

* * *
I 1. adverb
1) (towards or in a low or lower position, level or state: He climbed down to the bottom of the ladder.) hinunter

2) (on or to the ground: The little boy fell down and cut his knee.) zum/auf den Boden

3) (from earlier to later times: The recipe has been handed down in our family for years.) weiter

4) (from a greater to a smaller size, amount etc: Prices have been going down steadily.) gefallen

5) (towards or in a place thought of as being lower, especially southward or away from a centre: We went down from Glasgow to Bristol.) hinunter
2. preposition
1) (in a lower position on: Their house is halfway down the hill.) hinunter

2) (to a lower position on, by, through or along: Water poured down the drain.) hinunter

3) (along: The teacher's gaze travelled slowly down the line of children.) entlang
3. verb
(to finish (a drink) very quickly, especially in one gulp: He downed a pint of beer.) hinunterkippen

- downward
- downwards
- downward
- down-and-out
- down-at-heel
- downcast
- downfall
- downgrade
- downhearted
- downhill
- downhill racing
- downhill skiing
- down-in-the-mouth
- down payment
- downpour
- downright 4. adjective
He is a downright nuisance!)

- downstairs
- downstream
- down-to-earth
- downtown
- downtown
- down-trodden
- be/go down with
- down on one's luck
- down tools
- down with
- get down to
- suit someone down to the ground
- suit down to the ground II noun
(small, soft feathers: a quilt filled with down.) Daunen (pl.)

- downie®
- downy
* * *

down¹

[daʊn]

I. ADVERB

1. (movement to a lower position) hinunter, hinab geh; (towards the speaker) herunter, herab geh

get \down off that table! komm sofort vom Tisch herunter!

the leaflet slipped \down behind the wardrobe die Broschüre ist hinter den Kleiderschrank gerutscht

come further \down [the steps] komm noch etwas weiter [die Treppe] runter fam

“\down!” (to a dog) „Platz!“

▪ to fall \down (drop) hinunterfallen; (fall over) umfallen; (stumble) hinfallen

▪ to let sth \down etw herunterlassen

to lie sth \down etw hinlegen [o ablegen]

to pull sth \down etw nach unten ziehen

to put \down sth etw hinstellen [o abstellen

2. (downwards) nach unten

head \down mit dem Kopf nach unten

to be [or lie] face \down auf dem Bauch [o mit dem Gesicht nach unten] liegen

to point down nach unten zeigen

3. (in a lower position) unten

\down here/there hier/dort unten

\down at/by/in sth unten an/bei/in etw dat

4. inv (in the south) im Süden, unten fam; (towards the south) in den Süden, runter fam

things are much more expensive \down [in the] south unten im Süden ist alles viel teurer

how often do you come \down to Cornwall? wie oft kommen Sie nach Cornwall runter? fam

5. inv (away from the centre) außerhalb

my parents live \down in Worcestershire meine Eltern leben außerhalb [von hier] in Worcestershire

he has a house \down by the harbour er hat ein Haus draußen am Hafen

\down our way hier in unserem Viertel [o unserer Gegend] [o SCHWEIZ Quartier

6. ( fam: badly off) unten

she's certainly come \down in the world! mit ihr ist es ganz schön bergab gegangen! fam

to be \down on one's luck eine Pechsträhne haben

she's been \down on her luck recently in letzter Zeit ist sie vom Pech verfolgt

to hit [or kick] sb when he's \down jdn treten, wenn er schon am Boden liegt fig

7. (have only)

▪ to be \down to sth nur noch etw haben

when the rescue party found her, she was \down to her last bar of chocolate als die Rettungsmannschaft sie fand, hatte sie nur noch einen Riegel Schokolade

8. (ill)

to be \down with sth an etw dat erkrankt sein

she's \down with flu sie liegt mit einer Grippe im Bett

to come [or go] \down with sth an etw dat erkranken, etw kriegen fam

I think I'm going \down with a cold ich glaube, ich kriege eine Erkältung fam

9. SPORT im Rückstand

Milan were three goals \down at half-time zur Halbzeit lag Mailand [um] drei Tore zurück

10. (back in time, to a later time)

Joan of Arc's fame has echoed \down [through] the centuries Jeanne d'Arcs Ruhm hat die Jahrhunderte überdauert

\down to the last century bis ins vorige Jahrhundert [hinein]

to come \down myths überliefert werden

to pass [or hand] sth \down etw weitergeben [o überliefern

11. (at/to a lower amount) niedriger

the pay offer is \down 2% from last year das Lohnangebot liegt 2 % unter dem vom Vorjahr

he quit the poker game when he was only $50 \down er hörte mit dem Pokerspiel auf, als er erst 50 Dollar verloren hatte

to get the price \down den Preis drücken [o herunterhandeln]

to go \down sinken

the number of students has gone \down die Zahl der Studierenden ist gesunken

12. (in/to a less intense degree) herunter

let the fire burn \down lass das Feuer herunterbrennen

settle \down, you two gebt mal ein bisschen Ruhe, ihr zwei

to turn the music/radio \down die Musik/das Radio leiser stellen [o machen]

to water a drink \down ein Getränk verwässern

13. (including) bis einschließlich

the entire administration has come under suspicion, from the mayor \down das gesamte Verwaltungspersonal, angefangen beim Bürgermeister, ist in Verdacht geraten

everyone, from the director \down to the secretaries, was questioned by the police vom Direktor angefangen bis hin zu den Sekretärinnen, wurde jeder von der Polizei verhört

14. (on paper)

to have sth \down in writing [or on paper] etw schriftlich [o fam schwarz auf weiß] haben

to get [or put] sb \down for sth jdn für etw akk vormerken

we've got you \down for five tickets wir haben fünf Karten für Sie vorbestellt

15. (swallowed) hinunter, runter fam

to get sth \down etw [hinunter]schlucken

she couldn't get the pill \down sie brachte die Tablette nicht hinunter fam

you'll feel better once you've got some hot soup \down du wirst dich besser fühlen, sobald du ein bisschen heiße Suppe gegessen hast

16. (thoroughly) gründlich

he washed the car \down er wusch den Wagen von oben bis unten

17. (already finished) vorbei

two lectures \down, eight to go zwei Vorlesungen haben wir schon besucht, es bleiben also noch acht

18. (as initial payment) als Anzahlung

to pay [or put] £100 \down 100 Pfund anzahlen

19. (attributable)

▪ to be \down to sth auf etw akk zurückzuführen sein

the problem is \down to her inexperience, not any lack of intelligence es liegt an ihrer Unerfahrenheit, nicht an mangelnder Intelligenz

to be [or AM also come] \down to sb jds Sache sein

it's all \down to you now to make it work nun ist es an Ihnen, die Sache in Gang zu bringen

20. (reduce to)

to come \down to sth auf etw akk hinauslaufen

what the problem comes \down to is this:... die entscheidende Frage ist:...

well, if I bring it \down to its simplest level,... also, stark vereinfacht könnte man sagen,...

21. (in crossword puzzles) senkrecht

22.

▶ \down to the ground völlig, ganz und gar, total fam

that suits me \down to the ground das ist genau das Richtige für mich

II. PREPOSITION

1. (in a downward direction) hinunter; (towards the speaker) herunter

my uncle's in hospital after falling \down some stairs mein Onkel ist im Krankenhaus, nachdem er die Treppe heruntergefallen [o hinuntergefallen] ist

up and \down the stairs die Treppe rauf und runter fam

she poured the liquid \down the sink sie schüttete die Flüssigkeit in den Abfluss

2. (downhill) hinunter, hinab geh; (towards the speaker) herunter [o geh herab]

to come \down the hill den Hügel heruntersteigen [o geh herabsteigen]

to go \down the mountain den Berg hinuntersteigen [o geh hinabsteigen

3. (along) entlang

go \down the street gehen Sie die Straße entlang [o hinunter]

her office is \down the corridor on the right ihr Büro ist weiter den Gang entlang auf der rechten Seite

we drove \down the motorway as far as Bristol wir fuhren auf der Schnellstraße bis Bristol

I ran my finger \down the list of ingredients ich ging mit dem Finger die Zutatenliste durch

her long red hair reached most of the way \down her back ihre langen roten Haare bedeckten fast ihren ganzen Rücken

to sail the boat \down the river mit dem Boot flussabwärts segeln

4. (in a particular place)

\down sb's way in jds Gegend

they speak with a peculiar accent \down his way in seiner Ecke haben die Leute einen besonderen Akzent fam

5. (through time)

\down the ages von Generation zu Generation

\down the centuries die Jahrhunderte hindurch

\down the generations über Generationen hinweg

6. BRIT, AUS ( fam: to)

I went \down the pub with my mates ich ging mit meinen Freunden in die Kneipe

to go \down the shops einkaufen gehen

7. (inside) in + dat

you'll feel better once you've got some hot soup \down you du wirst dich besser fühlen, sobald du ein bisschen heiße Suppe im Magen hast

8.

▶ to go \down the drain [or toilet] [or tube[s]] ( fam)

▶ to go \down the plughole [or BRIT also pan] [or AUS gurgler] ( fam) für die Katz sein sl

we don't want all their hard work to go \down the drain ich möchte nicht, dass ihre harte Arbeit ganz umsonst ist

▶ \down the road [or line] [or track] auf der ganzen Linie fig, voll und ganz

III. ADJECTIVE

<more \down, most \down>

1. attr, inv (moving downward) abwärtsführend, nach unten nach n

the \down escalator die Rolltreppe nach unten

2. pred ( fam: unhappy, sad) niedergeschlagen, down fam

I've been feeling a bit \down this week diese Woche bin ich nicht so gut drauf fam

3. pred, inv ( fam: disapproving of)

▪ to be \down on sb jdn auf dem Kieker [o ÖSTERR, SCHWEIZ im Visier] haben fam

4. pred, inv (not functioning) außer Betrieb

the computer will be \down for an hour der Computer wird für eine Stunde abgeschaltet

I'm afraid the [telephone] lines are \down ich fürchte, die Telefonleitungen sind tot

5. attr, inv BRIT ( dated: travelling away from the city) stadtauswärts fahrend attr

\down platform Bahnsteig m [o SCHWEIZ Perron m] für stadtauswärts fahrende Züge

6. (sunk to a low level) niedrig

the river is \down der Fluss hat [o geh führt] Niedrigwasser

IV. TRANSITIVE VERB

1. (knock down)

▪ to \down sb jdn zu Fall bringen; BOXING jdn niederschlagen [o sl auf die Bretter schicken

2. (shoot down)

▪ to \down sth etw abschießen [o fam runterholen

3. esp BRIT

to \down tools (cease work) mit der Arbeit aufhören; (have a break) die Arbeit unterbrechen; (during a strike) die Arbeit niederlegen

the printers are threatening to \down tools die Drucker drohen mit Arbeitsniederlegungen

4. AM, AUS SPORT (beat)

▪ to \down sb jdn schlagen [o fam fertigmachen

5.

▪ to \down sth (swallow) etw hinunterschlucken; (eat) etw essen; (eat quickly) etw verschlingen [o hinunterschlingen]; (drink) etw trinken; (drink quickly) etw hinunterkippen [o fam runterschütten] [o SCHWEIZ runterleeren]

he'd \downed four beers er hatte vier Bier gekippt fam

V. NOUN

1. (bad fortune) Tiefpunkt m, schlechte Zeit

ups and \downs Auf und Ab nt

well, we've had our ups and \downs wir haben schon Höhen und Tiefen durchgemacht

2. no pl ( fam: dislike) Groll m

▪ to have a \down on sb jdn auf dem Kieker [o ÖSTERR, SCHWEIZ im Visier] haben fam

why do you have a \down on him? was hast du gegen ihn?

3. AM FBALL Versuch m

it's second \down es ist der zweite Versuch

VI. INTERJECTION

\down with taxes! weg mit den Steuern!

\down with the dictator! nieder mit dem Diktator!

down²

[daʊn]

I. n no pl

1. (soft feathers) Daunen pl, Flaumfedern pl

2. (soft hair or fluff) [Bart]flaum m, feine Härchen

II. n modifier Daunen-

\down jacket/quilt Daunenjacke f/-decke f

down³

[daʊn]

n esp BRIT Hügelland nt, [baumloser] Höhenzug

▪ the \downs pl die Downs (an der Südküste Englands)

* * *
I [daʊn]
1. ADVERB
When down is an element in a phrasal verb, eg get down, sit down, stand down, write down, look up the verb.
1) indicating movement towards speaker herunter; (away from speaker) hinunter; (downstairs) nach unten

to jump down — herunter-/hinunterspringen

on his way down from the summit — auf seinem Weg vom Gipfel herab/hinab

on the way down to London — auf dem Weg nach London runter (inf)

all the way down to the bottom — bis ganz nach unten

down! (to dog) — Platz! __diams; down with...! nieder mit...!

2) indicating static position unten

down there — da unten

I'll stay down here —

down in the valley — unten im Tal

it needs a bit of paint down at the bottom — es muss unten herum neu gestrichen werden

don't kick a man when he's down (fig) — man soll jemanden nicht fertigmachen, wenn er schon angeschlagen ist or wenns ihm dreckig geht (inf)

head down — mit dem Kopf nach unten

the sun was down —

the blinds were down — die Jalousien waren unten or heruntergelassen

I'll be down in a minute —

to be down for the count (Boxing) — ausgezählt werden

I've been down with flu — ich habe mit Grippe (im Bett) gelegen

3)

= to or in another place usu not translated he came down from London yesterday — er kam gestern aus London

he's down in London/at his brother's — er ist in London/bei seinem Bruder

he lives down South — er wohnt im Süden

we're going down South — wir fahren in den Süden

we're going down to the seaside/to Dover — wir fahren an die See/nach Dover

4)

= below previous level his temperature is down —

his shoes were worn down the price of meat is down on last week — seine Schuhe waren abgetragen der Fleischpreis ist gegenüber der letzten Woche gefallen

interest rates are down to/by 3% — der Zinssatz ist auf/um 3% gefallen

I'm £20 down on what I expected — ich habe £ 20 weniger als ich dachte

he's down to his last £10 — er hat nur noch £ 10

they're still three goals down — sie liegen immer noch mit drei Toren zurück

See:

→ luck

5)

in writing I've got it down in my diary — ich habe es in meinem Kalender notiert

let's get it down on paper — schreiben wir es auf, halten wir es schriftlich fest

when you see it down on paper — wenn man es schwarz auf weiß sieht

to be down for the next race — für das nächste Rennen gemeldet sein

it's down for next month — es steht für nächsten Monat auf dem Programm

6)

indicating range or succession usu not translated from the biggest down — vom Größten angefangen

down through the ages — von jeher

from 1700 down to the present —

right down to the present day — bis zum heutigen Tag

from the chairman (all the way) down to the doorman — vom Vorsitzenden bis (herunter) zum Pförtner

7) indicating responsibility __diams; to be down to sb/sth (= caused by) an jdm/etw liegen

any mistakes are down to us — irgendwelche Fehler liegen an uns

8)

as deposit to pay £20 down — £ 20 anzahlen

I've put down a deposit on a new bike —

how much do they want down? — was verlangen sie als Anzahlung?

2. PREPOSITION

1)

indicating movement downwards to go/come down the hill/the stairs etc — den Berg/die Treppe etc hinuntergehen/herunterkommen

he ran his finger down the list — er ging (mit dem Finger) die Liste durch

her hair fell loose down her back — sie trug ihr Haar offen über die Schultern

2)

at a lower part of he's already halfway down the hill — er ist schon auf halbem Wege nach unten

the other skiers were further down the slope — die anderen Skifahrer waren weiter unten

she lives just down the street — sie wohnt ein Stückchen weiter die Straße entlang

3)

= along he was walking/coming down the street — er ging/kam die Straße entlang

if you look down this road, you can see... — wenn Sie diese Straße hinunterblicken, können Sie... sehen

4)

= throughout down the centuries — durch die Jahrhunderte (hindurch)

5)

= to, in, at Brit inf he's gone down the pub — er ist in die Kneipe gegangen

she's down the shops — sie ist einkaufen gegangen

he works down the garage — er arbeitet in der Autowerkstatt

3. NOUN
(= dislike) __diams; to have a down on sb (inf) jdn auf dem Kieker haben (inf) → up
See:

→ up

4. ADJECTIVE (inf)

1)

= depressed he was (feeling) a bit down — er fühlte sich ein wenig down (inf) or niedergeschlagen

2)

= not working to be down — außer Betrieb sein; (Comput) abgestürzt sein

5. TRANSITIVE VERB
opponent niederschlagen, zu Fall bringen; enemy planes abschießen, (he)runterholen (inf); (FTBL ETC, inf) player legen (inf); beer etc runterkippen or -schütten (inf)
to down tools — die Arbeit niederlegen
II
n
(= feathers) Daunen pl, Flaumfedern pl; (= fine hair) Flaum m III
n usu pl (GEOG)
Hügelland nt no pl
on the down(s) — im Hügelland

* * *

down¹ [daʊn]

A adv

1. nach unten, herunter, hinunter, herab, hinab, ab-, niederwärts, zum Boden, zum Grund, (in Kreuzworträtseln) senkrecht:

three down;

down from fort von, von … herab;

paralysed from the waist down von der Hüfte abwärts gelähmt;

down to bis hinunter oder hinab zu;

down to our times bis in unsere Zeit;

down to the last detail bis ins letzte Detail;

down to the last man bis zum letzten Mann;

from … down to von … bis hinunter zu;

down to the ground umg vollständig, absolut, ganz und gar;

suit sb down to the ground umg genau das Richtige für jemanden sein;

be down on sb umg

a) über jemanden herfallen,

b) jemanden auf dem Kieker haben umg

2. nieder…: → burn down, etc

3. (in) bar, sofort:

ten dollars down 10 Dollar (in) bar; → pay down

4. zu Papier, nieder…: → take down 8, etc

5. vorgemerkt, angesetzt:

the bill is down for the third reading today heute steht die dritte Lesung der Gesetzesvorlage auf der Tagesordnung;

be down for Friday für Freitag angesetzt sein

6. von einer großen Stadt ( in England: von London) weg:

go down to the country aufs Land fahren; → go down 12

7. besonders US

a) zu einer großen Stadt hin

b) zur Endstation hin

c) ins Geschäftsviertel

8. (nach Süden) hinunter

9. a) mit dem Strom, flussabwärts

b) mit dem Wind

10. Br von der Universität: → go down 10, send down 2

11. nieder!:

down with the capitalists! nieder mit den Kapitalisten!;

down on your knees! auf die Knie (mit dir)!

12. (dr)unten:

down there dort unten;

down under umg in oder nach Australien oder Neuseeland

13. unten (im Hause), aufgestanden:

he is not down yet er ist noch oben oder im Schlafzimmer

14. untergegangen (Sonne)

15. a) heruntergegangen, gefallen (Preise)

b) billiger (Waren)

16. gefallen (Thermometer etc):

be down by 10 degrees um 10 Grad gefallen sein

17. Br

a) nicht in London

b) nicht an der Universität

18. a) nieder-, hingestreckt, am Boden (liegend)

b) Boxen: am Boden, unten umg:

down and out k. o., fig (auch physisch od psychisch) erledigt umg, ruiniert

c) erschöpft, kaputt, fix und fertig (beide umg)

d) deprimiert, niedergeschlagen, down umg: → mouth A 1

e) heruntergekommen, in elenden Verhältnissen (lebend): → come down 4, heel¹ Bes Redew

f) außer Betrieb (Computer)

19. bettlägerig:

be down with influenza mit Grippe im Bett liegen

20. SPORT (um Punkte etc) zurück:

he was two points down er war oder lag 2 Punkte zurück;

they are 1-4 down sie liegen mit 1:4 im Rückstand (to gegen)

B adj

1. nach unten oder abwärtsgerichtet, Abwärts…:

a down jump ein Sprung nach unten

2. unten befindlich

3. deprimiert, niedergeschlagen

4. Br von London abfahrend oder kommend (Zug):

down platform Abfahrtsbahnsteig m (in London)

5. besonders US

a) in Richtung nach einer großen Stadt

b) zum Geschäftsviertel (hin), in die Stadtmitte

6. Bar…: → down payment

7. besonders US sl deprimierend

C präp

1. herunter, hinunter, herab, hinab, entlang:

down the hill den Hügel hinunter;

down the river den Fluss hinunter, flussab(wärts);

down the middle durch die Mitte;

down the street die Straße entlang oder hinunter

2. (in derselben Richtung) mit:

down the wind mit dem Wind

3. a) hinunter in (akk)

b) hinein in (akk)

4. unten an (dat):

further down the Rhine weiter unten am Rhein

5. zeitlich: durch … (hindurch): → age A 4

D s

1. fig

a) Abstieg m

b) Nieder-, Rückgang m

2. Tiefpunkt m, -stand m

3. Depression f, (seelischer) Tiefpunkt

4. umg Groll m:

have a down on sb jemanden auf dem Kieker haben

5. → downer 1

E v/t

1. zu Fall bringen ( auch SPORT und fig)

2. niederschlagen

3. niederlegen:

down tools die Arbeit niederlegen, in den Streik treten

4. ein Flugzeug abschießen, runterholen umg

5. einen Reiter abwerfen

6. umg ein Getränk runterkippen

F v/i

1. umg

a) hinunterrutschen (Speise)

b) (gut) schmecken

2. besonders US sl Beruhigungsmittel nehmen

down² [daʊn] s

1. ORN

a) Daunen pl, flaumiges Gefieder:

dead down Raufdaunen;

live down Nestdaunen;

down quilt Daunendecke f

b) Daune f, Flaumfeder f:

in the down noch nicht flügge

2. ( auch Bart)Flaum m, feine Härchen pl

3. BOT

a) feiner Flaum

b) haarige Samenkrone, Pappus m

4. weiche, flaumige Masse

down³ [daʊn] s

1. obs

a) Hügel m

b) Sandhügel m, besonders Düne f

2. pl waldloses, besonders grasbedecktes Hügelland:

the Downs

a) Hügelland entlang der Süd- und Südostküste Englands,

b) Reede an der Südostküste Englands, vor der Stadt Deal

* * *
I noun
(Geog.) [baumloser] Höhenzug; in pl. Downs Pl. (an der Süd- und Südostküste Englands)
II noun
1) (of bird) Daunen Pl.; Flaum, der

2) (hair) Flaum, der
III 1. adverb
1) (to lower place, to downstairs, southwards) runter (bes. ugs.); herunter/hinunter (bes. schriftsprachlich); (in lift) abwärts; (in crossword puzzle) senkrecht

[right] down to something — [ganz] bis zu etwas her-/hinunter

go down to the shops/the end of the road — zu den Läden/zum Ende der Straße hinuntergehen

2) (Brit.): (from capital) raus (bes. ugs.); heraus/hinaus (bes. schriftsprachlich)

get down to Reading from London — von London nach Reading raus-/hinausfahren

come down from Edinburgh to London — von Edinburgh nach London [he]runterkommen

3) (of money): (at once) sofort

pay for something cash down — etwas [in] bar bezahlen

4) (into prostration) nieder[fallen, -geschlagen werden]

shout the place/house down — (fig.) schreien, dass die Wände zittern

5) (on to paper)

copy something down from the board — etwas von der Tafel abschreiben

6) (on programme)

put a meeting down for 2 p.m. — ein Treffen für od. auf 14 Uhr ansetzen

7) as int. runter! (bes. ugs.); (to dog) leg dich!; nieder!; (Mil.) hinlegen!

down with imperialism/the president! — nieder mit dem Imperialismus/dem Präsidenten!

8) (in lower place, downstairs, in fallen position, in south) unten

down on the floor — auf dem Fußboden

low/lower down — tief/tiefer unten

down under the table — unter dem Tisch

wear one's hair down — sein Haar offen tragen

down there/here — da/hier unten

X metres down — X Meter tief

his flat is on the next floor down — seine Wohnung ist ein Stockwerk tiefer

down in Wales/in the country — weit weg in Wales/draußen auf dem Lande

down south — unten im Süden (ugs.)

down south/east — (Amer.) in den Südstaaten/im Osten

down [on the floor] — (Boxing) am Boden; auf den Brettern

down and out — (Boxing) k. o.; (fig.) fertig (ugs.)

9) (prostrate) auf dem Fußboden/der Erde

be down with an illness — eine Krankheit haben

10) (on paper)

be down in writing/on paper/in print — niedergeschrieben/zu Papier gebracht/gedruckt sein

11) (on programme) angesetzt [Termin, Treffen]

12) (facing downwards, bowed) zu Boden

keep one's eyes down — zu Boden sehen

be down — (brought to the ground) am Boden liegen

13) (in depression)

down [in the mouth] — niedergeschlagen

14) (now cheaper) [jetzt] billiger

15)

be down to... — (have only... left) nichts mehr haben außer...

we're down to our last £100 — wir haben nur noch 100 Pfund

now it's down to him to do something — nun liegt es bei od. an ihm, etwas zu tun

16) (to reduced consistency or size)

thin gravy down — Soße verdünnen

the water had boiled right down — das Wasser war fast verdampft

wear the soles down — die Sohlen ablaufen

17) (including lower limit)

from... down to... — von... bis zu... hinunter

18) (in position of lagging or loss) weniger

be three points/games down — mit drei Punkten/Spielen zurückliegen

be down on one's earnings of the previous year — weniger verdienen als im Vorjahr

be down on one's luck — eine Pechsträhne haben. See also up 1.
2. preposition
1) (downwards along, from top to bottom of) runter (bes. ugs.); herunter/hinunter (bes. schriftsprachlich)

lower down the river — weiter unten am Fluss

fall down the stairs/steps — die Treppe/Stufen herunterstürzen

his eye travelled down the list — sein Auge wanderte über die Liste

walk down the hill/road — den Hügel/die Straße heruntergehen

2) (downwards through) durch

3) (downwards into) rein in (+ Akk.) (bes. ugs.); hinein in (+ Akk.) (bes. schriftsprachlich)

fall down a hole/ditch — in ein Loch/einen Graben fallen

4) (downwards over) über (+ Akk.)

spill water all down one's skirt — sich (Dat.) Wasser über den Rock gießen

5) (downwards in time)

the tradition has continued down the ages — die Tradition ist von Generation zu Generation weitergegeben worden

6) (along)

come down the street — die Straße herunter- od. entlangkommen

go down the pub/disco — (Brit. coll.) in die Kneipe/Disko gehen

7) (at or in a lower position in or on) [weiter] unten

further down the ladder/coast — weiter unten auf der Leiter/an der Küste

live just down the road — ein Stück weiter unten in der Straße wohnen

8) (from top to bottom along) an (+ Dat.)

down the side of a house — an der Seite eines Hauses

9) (all over) überall auf (+ Dat.)

I've got coffee [all] down my skirt — mein ganzer Rock ist voll Kaffee

10) (Brit. coll.): (in, at)

down the pub/café/town — in der Kneipe/im Café/in der Stadt
3. adjective
(directed downwards) nach unten führend [Rohr, Kabel]; [Rolltreppe] nach unten; nach unten gerichtet [Kolbenhub, Sog]; aus der Hauptstadt herausführend [Bahnlinie]
4. transitive verb
(coll.)

1) (knock down) auf die Bretter schicken [Boxer]

2) (drink down) leer machen (ugs.) [Flasche, Glas]; schlucken (ugs.) [Getränk]

3)

down tools — (cease work) zu arbeiten aufhören; (take a break) die Arbeit unterbrechen; (go on strike) die Arbeit niederlegen

4) (shoot down) abschießen, (ugs.) runterholen [Flugzeug]
5. noun
(coll.)

have a down on somebody/something — jemanden/etwas auf dem Kieker haben (ugs.); see also up 4.
•• Cultural note:
Downing Street

Der Name einer Straße in Westminster im Zentrum von London. Das Haus mit der Nummer 10 in der Downing Street ist der offizielle Sitz des Premierministers und das mit der Nummer 11 der des Finanzministers. Unter Journalisten ist der Ausdruck Downing Street oder Number 10 gebräuchlich, wenn vom Amtssitz des Premierministers die Rede ist

* * *

(fluff) n.

Flaum nur sing. m. (feathers) n.

Daune -n f. adj.

abwärts adj.

herab adj.

herunter adj.

hinab adj.

hinunter adj.

nieder adj.

rückwärts adj.

unten adj.

zusammengebrochen (alt.Rechtschreibung) adj.

English-german dictionary > down
10 break sth. down

حَطَّمَ \ break sth. down: to demolish: The fireman broke the door down (or broke down the door) to enter the house. break up: to (cause to) fall apart bit by bit; scatter: The ship went on the rocks and broke up. The meeting broke up in disorder. crush: to destroy (an enemy, sb.’s hopes, etc.). destroy: to break to pieces; ruin. shatter: to break suddenly into small pieces: The glass fell and shattered on the floor. wreck: to destroy; ruin: The ship was wrecked in a storm. Illness wrecked his chances of winning the election. smash: to break violently into small pieces: He smashed my window. The egg fell and smashed. \ See Also تحطم (تَحَطَّم)‏

Arabic-English glossary > break sth. down
11 break

n. 1. \break (in sth) хагархай, цоорхой, цөмөрхий. a \break in a fence хашааны цоорхой. 2. зай, завсар. 3. завсарлага. 4. өөрчлөлт. 5. хагарал, харьцаа муудах. 6. завшаан. give sb a \break завшаан олгох. a lucky \break аз. v. (broke, broken) 1. хагарах, хэмхрэх, эвдрэх. 2. хагалах, хугалах, хэмхлэх, эвдэх. 3. зөрчих, цуцлах, буцах. \break the law хууль зөрчих. 4. завсарлах, түр амрах. 5. мохоох, хугалах. 6. эвдрэх, муудах. 7. сургах. break in a bronco эмнэг сургах. 8. дээд амжилт тогтоох. break away зугтах, гараас мултрах. break down 1. цохих буюу өшиглөх замаар юмыг эвдэх. 2. эвдрэх, зогсох. The car broke down. Машин эвдэрчээ. 3. нурах, бүтэлгүй болох. 4. сэтгэлээ үл барин инээж буюу уйлж эхлэх. break in 1. эвдэж/ цөмрөн орох. 2. бусдын яриаг таслах. 3. шинэ ажил/ байдалтай танилцуулах. break into 1. эвдэж орох, хүчээр нэвтрэх. 2. юмыг гэнэт хийж эхлэх. She broke into song. Тэр гэнэт дуулж гарав. 3. хадгалсан юмнаасаа авч хэрэглэх. We had to \break into our savings to pay for their repairs. Бид засварын хөлсийг төлөхийн тулд хадгаламжнаасаа мөнгө авлаа. break off 1. таслах, салгах. 2. салж унах. 3. харьцаагаа таслах. 4. таслах. She started talking, then broke off when the telephone rang. Түүнийг ярьж байтал утас дуугарч түүний яриаг таслав. break out 1. дэгдэх, гарах. A fire broke out at the factory. Yйлдвэрт гал гарав. 2. оргох, зугтах, босох. break up 1. бутрах, хэдэн хэсэг болох, бутлах. 2. дуусах. The meeting broke up after only half an hour. Цуглаан ердөө хагас цагийн дараа дуусав. 3. харьцаагаа таслах, гэрлэлтээ цуцлах, салах. 4. сургууль, коллежийн амрах. 5. хөөх, тараах. The police broke up the meeting. Цагдаа нар цуглааныг тараав.

English-Mongolian dictionary > break
12 break up

حَطَّمَ \ break sth. down: to demolish: The fireman broke the door down (or broke down the door) to enter the house. break up: to (cause to) fall apart bit by bit; scatter: The ship went on the rocks and broke up. The meeting broke up in disorder. crush: to destroy (an enemy, sb.’s hopes, etc.). destroy: to break to pieces; ruin. shatter: to break suddenly into small pieces: The glass fell and shattered on the floor. wreck: to destroy; ruin: The ship was wrecked in a storm. Illness wrecked his chances of winning the election. smash: to break violently into small pieces: He smashed my window. The egg fell and smashed. \ See Also تحطم (تَحَطَّم)‏

Arabic-English glossary > break up
13 aufgliedern

v/t (trennb., hat -ge-) split up; in Klassen: classify; (Satz etc.) analy|se (Am. -ze); (Zahlen) break down

* * *

to subdivide; to itemise; to itemize; to dissect

* * *

auf|glie·dern

I. vt

▪ etw [in etw akk] \aufgliedern to subdivide [or sep split up] sth [into sth]

etw in [einzelne] Kategorien \aufgliedern to categorize sth

etw in Unterpunkte \aufgliedern to itemize sth

II. vr

▪ sich akk in etw akk \aufgliedern to subdivide [or break down] into sth

* * *

transitives Verb subdivide, break down, split up (in + Akk. into)

* * *

aufgliedern v/t (trennb, hat -ge-) split up; in Klassen: classify; (Satz etc) analyse (US -ze); (Zahlen) break down

* * *

transitives Verb subdivide, break down, split up (in + Akk. into)

* * *

v.

to dissect v.

to subdivide (into) v.

Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > aufgliedern
14 aufgliedern

auf|glie·dern

vt

etw [in etw akk] \aufgliedern to subdivide [or sep split up] sth [into sth];

etw in [einzelne] Kategorien \aufgliedern to categorize sth;

etw in Unterpunkte \aufgliedern to itemize sth

vr

sich in etw akk \aufgliedern to subdivide [or break down] into sth

Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch für Studenten > aufgliedern
15 einbrechen

(unreg., trennb.)

I v/i

1. (ist eingebrochen): einbrechen (in + Akk) Dieb: break in(to); einbrechen in (+ Akk) (Wohnung etc.) auch burgle

2. (hat): einbrechen (in + Dat oder bei) siehe 1; bei ihm wurde eingebrochen his house ( oder flat, Am. apartment) was burgled (Am. auch burglarized), he had burglars, he was burgled, he got broken into

3. (ist) Höhle, Dach etc.: collapse, cave in

4. (ist) im Eis: fall ( oder go) through the ice

5. (ist) fig. (scheitern) suffer a severe defeat ( oder setback); Plan, Vorhaben etc.: come a cropper; Aktienkurse etc.: fall, cave in; Einbruch 5

6. (ist) MIL.: in ein Land etc. einbrechen invade a country etc.

7. (ist) geh. Kälte, Winter etc.: set in; bei einbrechender Dunkelheit oder Nacht at nightfall

II v/t (hat) (niederreißen) break down, demolish

* * *

(Einbrecher) to burglarize; to break in; to burgle;

(Eis) to break through;

(Mauer) to break down;

(Militär) to invade;

(Nacht) to set in; to fall

* * *
ein|bre|chen sep
1. vt
Tür, Wand etc to break down
2. vi

1) aux sein (= einstürzen) to fall or cave in

er ist ( auf dem Eis) eingebrochen — he went or fell through the ice

2) aux sein or haben (= Einbruch verüben) to break in

in unser or unserem Haus sind Diebe eingebrochen — thieves broke into our house

bei mir ist eingebrochen worden, man hat bei mir eingebrochen — I've had a break-in, I've been burgled or (US) burglarized

in neue Absatzmärkte etc éínbrechen — to make inroads into new markets etc

3) aux sein (Nacht, Dämmerung, Dunkelheit) to fall; (Winter) to set in

bei éínbrechender Nacht — at nightfall

4) aux sein inf = Verluste machen) to come a cropper (Brit inf to fall apart (US)

* * *

(to enter (a house etc) by force or unexpectedly ( noun break-in: The Smiths have had two break-ins recently).) break in(to)

* * *

ein|bre·chen

irreg

I. vi

1. Hilfsverb: sein o haben (Einbruch verüben)

▪ [bei jdm/in etw akk o dat] \einbrechen to break in[to sb's home/sth]

beim Juwelier ist eingebrochen worden the jeweller's has been broken into, there has been a break-in at the jeweller's

bei mir ist eingebrochen worden, man hat bei mir eingebrochen I've had a break-in, my house [or flat] has been broken into

2. Hilfsverb: sein (plötzlich beginnen) Dämmerung, Dunkelheit, Nacht to fall

3. Hilfsverb: sein (eindringen)

▪ [in etw akk] \einbrechen Wasser to break through [into sth]

4. Hilfsverb: sein (nach unten durchbrechen)

▪ [auf etw dat] \einbrechen to fall through [sth]

5. Hilfsverb: sein (einstürzen) to fall [or cave] in

6. Hilfsverb: sein (Misserfolg haben) to come a cropper BRIT sl, to suffer a setback

II. vt Hilfsverb: haben

▪ etw \einbrechen to break down sth sep

* * *

unregelmäßiges intransitives Verb

1) mit haben od. sein break in

in eine Bank einbrechen — break into a bank

bei jemandem einbrechen — burgle somebody

2) mit sein (einstürzen) <roof, ceiling> fall in, cave in

3) mit sein (durchbrechen) fall through

4) mit sein (eindringen)

in ein Land einbrechen — invade a country

5) mit sein (geh.): (beginnen) <night, darkness> fall; < winter> set in

* * *

einbrechen (irr, trennb)

A. v/i

1. (ist eingebrochen):

einbrechen (

in +akk) Dieb: break in(to);

einbrechen in (+akk) (Wohnung etc) auch burgle

2. (hat):

einbrechen (

in +dat oder

bei) → 1;

bei ihm wurde eingebrochen his house ( oder flat, US apartment) was burgled (US auch burglarized), he had burglars, he was burgled, he got broken into

3. (ist) Höhle, Dach etc: collapse, cave in

4. (ist) im Eis: fall ( oder go) through the ice

5. (ist) fig (scheitern)suffer a severe defeat ( oder setback); Plan, Vorhaben etc: come a cropper; Aktienkurse etc: fall, cave in; → Einbruch 5

6. (ist) MIL:

in ein Land etc

einbrechen invade a country etc

7. (ist) geh Kälte, Winter etc: set in;

bei einbrechender Dunkelheit oder

Nacht at nightfall

B. v/t (hat) (niederreißen) break down, demolish

* * *

unregelmäßiges intransitives Verb

1) mit haben od. sein break in

in eine Bank einbrechen — break into a bank

bei jemandem einbrechen — burgle somebody

2) mit sein (einstürzen) <roof, ceiling> fall in, cave in

3) mit sein (durchbrechen) fall through

4) mit sein (eindringen)

in ein Land einbrechen — invade a country

5) mit sein (geh.): (beginnen) <night, darkness> fall; < winter> set in

* * *

v.

to break in v.

to burglarise (UK) v.

to burglarize (US) v.

to burgle v.

Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > einbrechen
16 descomponer

v.

1 to rot (pudrir) (fruit).

la humedad descompone ciertos alimentos dampness makes some foods rot

2 to break down.

descomponer algo en to break something down into

3 to mess up.

4 to damage, to break.

la cena le descompuso el vientre the dinner gave him an upset stomach

creo que comí algo que me descompuso (el cuerpo) I think I ate something that didn't agree with me

5 to annoy.

6 to put out of order, to impair, to rack up, to disarrange.

Ricardo descompuso la máquina Richard put the machine out of order.

7 to upset, to disturb, to unsettle.

Su ataque descompuso a María His attack upset Mary.

* * *

descomponer

Conjugation model [ PONER], like link=poner poner (pp descompuesto,-a)

► verbo transitivo

1 (separar) to break down, split up

2 (estropear) to break

3 (desorganizar) to mess up, upset

4 (desordenar) to mess up

■ me ha descompuesto toda la habitación he messed up my bedroom

5 FÍSICA to resolve

6 QUÍMICA to decompose

7 MATEMÁTICAS to split up

8 figurado (molestar) to disturb, upset; (irritar) irritate

9 (pudrir) to rot

► verbo pronominal descomponerse

1 (pudrirse) to decompose, rot

2 (estropearse) to break down

3 (enfermar) to feel ill

4 (enfadarse) to lose one's temper, get angry

■ me descompongo cuando dices tantas tonterías it makes me angry when you say such rubbish

5 FÍSICA to resolve

6 QUÍMICA to decompose

7 MATEMÁTICAS to split

* * *

verb

1) to rot

2) break

•

- descomponerse

* * *
( pp descompuesto)
1. VT

1) (=dividir) [+ palabra, frase] to break down, break up; [+ sustancia, molécula, número] to break down; [+ luz] to break up, split up

tienes que descomponer el informe en partes — you have to break down the report into separate parts

2) (=pudrir) [+ alimento] to rot; [+ cadáver, cuerpo] to decompose

3) * (=alterar)

la mala noticia lo descompuso — the bad news really shook him

me descompone tanto desorden — all this mess really gets to me * o irritates me

las especias me descomponen el vientre — spicy food gives me diarrhoea o (EEUU) diarrhea

4) * (=romper) to break

5) frm [+ peinado] to disturb, disarrange; [+ planes] to upset, disrupt

2.

See:

descomponerse

* * *
1.
verbo transitivo

1) <alimento/cadáver> to rot, cause... to decompose o rot

2) (esp AmL) <máquina/aparato> to break; < peinado> to mess up

3) < persona>

a) ( producir malestar) olor to make... queasy

la noticia la descompuso — she felt quite ill when she heard the news

b) ( producir diarrea) to give... diarrhea*
2.
descomponerse v pron

1) luz to split; sustancia to break down, separate

2) cadáver/alimento to rot, decompose (frml)

3) cara (+ me/te/le etc)

se le descompuso la cara cuando se lo dije — he looked really upset when I told him

4) (esp AmL) máquina/aparato to break down

5) persona

a) ( sentir malestar)

hacía tanto calor que se descompuso — it was so hot that he felt sick

se descompuso cuando supo la noticia — he felt quite ill when he heard the news

b) ( del estómago) to have an attack of diarrhea*

6) (CS) tiempo to become unsettled; día to cloud over

* * *

= break down, break into + parts, break up, pull apart, disaggregate, dissect, parse, break out, break out into.

Ex. The holdings are broken down into several volumes, shown as the next level of the pyramid.

Ex. Break complex statements into parts if you'are not sure how to apply the restrictor.

Ex. Subarrangement at entry terms can break up long sequences of entries listed under the same keyword.

Ex. All these bits of raw material -- these 'chunks of reality' as McNair calls them -- are encapsulated in a carefully organized and well-rounded whole, which the reader must pull apart and put together again.

Ex. Outcomes can be disaggregated along age, class, ethnic, racial, & gender dimensions.

Ex. GMMA has developed a layered approach to visual indexing that dissects the objects, style and implication of each image, so that the indexing system can accommodate all potential approaches to the material.

Ex. This is only possible if the incoming message has an identifiable structure that can be parsed and converted to resemble a protocol message.

Ex. Turnaround managers want current financial and working capital analyses broken out by cost/profit centres.

Ex. The categories in Figure 1 could easily be broken out into additional subdivisions = Las cagegorías de la Figura 1 se puede descomponer fácilmente en subdivisiones adicionales.

----

* descomponer en = break down into, break up into.

* descomponerse = disintegrate, rot, decompose, putrefy.

* descomponerse en = break into.

* * *
1.
verbo transitivo

1) <alimento/cadáver> to rot, cause... to decompose o rot

2) (esp AmL) <máquina/aparato> to break; < peinado> to mess up

3) < persona>

a) ( producir malestar) olor to make... queasy

la noticia la descompuso — she felt quite ill when she heard the news

b) ( producir diarrea) to give... diarrhea*
2.
descomponerse v pron

1) luz to split; sustancia to break down, separate

2) cadáver/alimento to rot, decompose (frml)

3) cara (+ me/te/le etc)

se le descompuso la cara cuando se lo dije — he looked really upset when I told him

4) (esp AmL) máquina/aparato to break down

5) persona

a) ( sentir malestar)

hacía tanto calor que se descompuso — it was so hot that he felt sick

se descompuso cuando supo la noticia — he felt quite ill when he heard the news

b) ( del estómago) to have an attack of diarrhea*

6) (CS) tiempo to become unsettled; día to cloud over

* * *

= break down, break into + parts, break up, pull apart, disaggregate, dissect, parse, break out, break out into.

Ex: The holdings are broken down into several volumes, shown as the next level of the pyramid.

Ex: Break complex statements into parts if you'are not sure how to apply the restrictor.

Ex: Subarrangement at entry terms can break up long sequences of entries listed under the same keyword.

Ex: All these bits of raw material -- these 'chunks of reality' as McNair calls them -- are encapsulated in a carefully organized and well-rounded whole, which the reader must pull apart and put together again.

Ex: Outcomes can be disaggregated along age, class, ethnic, racial, & gender dimensions.

Ex: GMMA has developed a layered approach to visual indexing that dissects the objects, style and implication of each image, so that the indexing system can accommodate all potential approaches to the material.

Ex: This is only possible if the incoming message has an identifiable structure that can be parsed and converted to resemble a protocol message.

Ex: Turnaround managers want current financial and working capital analyses broken out by cost/profit centres.

Ex: The categories in Figure 1 could easily be broken out into additional subdivisions = Las cagegorías de la Figura 1 se puede descomponer fácilmente en subdivisiones adicionales.

* descomponer en = break down into, break up into.

* descomponerse = disintegrate, rot, decompose, putrefy.

* descomponerse en = break into.

* * *

descomponer [ E22 ]

vt

A (dividir, separar) ‹número› to factorize, break … down into factors; ‹luz› to split up, break up; ‹sustancia› to break down, separate … into compounds

B ‹alimento/cadáver› to rot, cause … to decompose o rot

C ( esp AmL)

1 ‹máquina/aparato› to break

2 ‹peinado/juego› to mess up

D ‹persona›

1

(producir malestar): ese olor penetrante me descompone that strong smell makes me feel queasy o nauseous

la noticia del accidente la descompuso she felt quite ill when she heard about the accident

2 (producir diarrea) to give … diarrhea*

■ descomponerse

v pron

A «luz» to split; «sustancia» to break down, separate; «partícula/isótopo» to decay

B «cadáver/alimento» to rot, decompose ( frml)

C

«cara» (+ me/te/le etc): se le descompuso la cara cuando se lo dije he looked really upset o his face dropped a mile when I told him

D ( esp AmL) «máquina/aparato» to break down

E «persona»

1

(sentir malestar): hacía tanto calor que se descompuso it was so hot that he started feeling sick o queasy

se descompuso cuando supo la noticia he felt quite ill when he heard the news

2 (del estómago) to have an attack of diarrhea*

F (CS) «tiempo» to become unsettled, change for the worse; «día» to cloud over

amaneció un día precioso, pero más tarde se descompuso it started out as a lovely day, but it clouded over later

* * *

descomponer ( conjugate descomponer) verbo transitivo
1 ‹alimento/cadáver› to rot, cause … to decompose o rot
2 (esp AmL) ‹máquina/aparato› to break;
‹ peinado› to mess up
3 ‹ persona›
a) ( producir malestar) [ olor] to make … queasy

b) ( producir diarrea) to give … diarrhea^{( conjugate diarrhea)}

descomponerse verbo pronominal
1 [ luz] to split;
[ sustancia] to break down, separate
2 [cadáver/alimento] to rot, decompose (frml)
3 (esp AmL) [máquina/aparato] to break down
4 [ persona] ( sentir malestar) to feel sick;
( del estómago) to have an attack of diarrhea^{( conjugate diarrhea)}
6 (CS) [ tiempo] to become unsettled;
[ día] to cloud over
descomponer verbo transitivo
1 (dividir) to break up, split
2 (pudrir) to rot, decompose
3 (poner nervioso) to get on sb's nerves
4 (el rostro) to distort
' descomponer' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
descompuse
- pudrir
English:
break

* * *

descomponer

♦ vt

1. [pudrir] [fruta, comida, cuerpo] to rot;

un organismo que descompone los cadáveres an organism that causes bodies to decompose o rot;

la humedad descompone ciertos alimentos dampness makes some foods rot

2. [dividir] [sustancia, molécula] to break down;
[luz] to split up; [átomo] to split;
descomponer algo en to break sth down into

3. [desordenar] to mess up

4. [estropear] [aparato, motor] to break

5. [indisponer]
la cena le descompuso el vientre the dinner gave him an upset stomach;

creo que comí algo que me descompuso (el cuerpo) I think I ate something that didn't agree with me

6. [turbar, alterar] to disturb, to upset;

algo que dije pareció descomponerlo something I said seemed to upset him

7. [enojar] to annoy;

su pasividad me descompone his passivity annoys me

8. Mat
descomponer en factores (primos) to factorize

♦ See also the pronominal verb descomponerse

* * *

descomponer

<part descompuesto> v/t

1 ( dividir) break down

2 L.Am. ( romper) break

3 ( pudrir) cause to decompose

4 plan upset

* * *

descomponer {60} vt

1) : to rot, to decompose

2) desbaratar: to break, to break down

♦ See also the reflexive verb descomponerse

* * *

descomponer vb (sustancia) to break down [pt. broke; pp. broken]

Spanish-English dictionary > descomponer
17 einbrechen

ein|bre·chen irreg vi

1) sein o haben ( Einbruch verüben)

[bei jdm/in etw] \einbrechen dat o akk to break in[to sb's home/sth];

beim Juwelier ist eingebrochen worden the jeweller's has been broken into, there has been a break-in at the jeweller's;

bei mir ist eingebrochen worden;

man hat bei mir eingebrochen I've had a break-in, my house [or flat] has been broken into

2) sein ( plötzlich beginnen) Dämmerung, Dunkelheit, Nacht to fall

3) sein ( eindringen)

[in etw] \einbrechen akk Wasser to break through [into sth]

4) sein ( nach unten durchbrechen)

[auf etw] \einbrechen dat to fall through [sth]

5) sein ( einstürzen) to fall [or cave] in

6) sein ( Misserfolg haben) to come a cropper ( Brit) (sl), to suffer a setback (Am)

vt haben;

etw \einbrechen to break down sth sep

Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch für Studenten > einbrechen
18 zerfallen

v/i (unreg.)

1. fall apart ( oder to pieces); in seine Bestandteile: disintegrate; Gebäude: collapse, crumble; (sich auflösen) decompose (auch CHEM.); in seine Bestandteile zerfallen break down into its component parts; zu Staub zerfallen crumble to dust

2. PHYS. disintegrate

3. fig., Reich etc.: decline, decay, collapse

4. fig.: zerfallen in (+ Akk) be divided into, fall into; der Aufsatz zerfällt in 4 Teile the essay is in ( oder is divided into) four parts

—

zerfallen2

I P.P. zerfallen1

II Adj.

1. Schloss: ruined; Haus: attr. tumbledown...; zerfallen sein auch be in ruins, be in a state of decay

2. fig.: mit jemandem zerfallen sein have fallen out with s.o.; mit sich ( und der Welt) zerfallen sein have fallen out with o.s., be at odds with o.s. and the world

* * *

to disintegrate ( Verb); to crumble ( Verb); to molder ( Verb); to moulder ( Verb); decayed (Adj.)

* * *
zer|fạl|len I ptp zerfa\#llen
vi irreg aux sein

1) (= sich auflösen) to disintegrate; (Gebäude) to decay, to fall into ruin; (Atomkern) to decay; (= auseinanderfallen) to fall apart, to disintegrate; (Leiche, Holz etc) to decompose; (Reich, Kultur, Moral) to decay, to decline; (Gesundheit) to decline

zu Staub zerfallen — to crumble (in)to dust

2) (= sich gliedern) to fall (
in +acc into) II
adj

1) Haus tumbledown; Gemäuer crumbling

2)

(= verfeindet) mit jdm zerfallen sein — to have fallen out with sb

selbst zerfallen sein — to be at odds with the world/oneself

* * *

zer·fal·len *

vi irreg Hilfsverb: sein

1. (sich zersetzen) to disintegrate; Fassade, Gebäude to disintegrate, to decay, to fall into ruin; Körper, Materie to decompose; Atom to decay; Gesundheit to decline

2. (auseinanderbrechen) Reich, Sitte to decline, to fall

3. NUKL to decay; CHEM to decompose

in Ionen \zerfallen to dissociate to ions

4. (sich gliedern)

▪ in etw akk \zerfallen to fall into sth

5. (sich verfeinden)

▪ mit jdm \zerfallen to fall out with sb

* * *

unregelmäßiges intransitives Verb; mit sein

1) (auch fig.) disintegrate (in + Akk., zu into); < building> fall into ruin, decay; < corpse> decompose, decay

zerfallende Mauern — crumbling walls

2) (unterteilt sein) be divided (in + Akk. into)

* * *

zerfallen¹ v/i (irr)

1. fall apart ( oder to pieces); in seine Bestandteile: disintegrate; Gebäude: collapse, crumble; (sich auflösen) decompose ( auch CHEM);

in seine Bestandteile zerfallen break down into its component parts;

zu Staub zerfallen crumble to dust

2. PHYS disintegrate

3. fig, Reich etc: decline, decay, collapse

4. fig:

zerfallen in (+akk) be divided into, fall into;

der Aufsatz zerfällt in 4 Teile the essay is in ( oder is divided into) four parts

zerfallen²

A. pperf → zerfallen¹

B. adj

1. Schloss: ruined; Haus: attr tumbledown …;

zerfallen sein auch be in ruins, be in a state of decay

2. fig:

mit jemandem zerfallen sein have fallen out with sb;

mit sich (und der Welt) zerfallen sein have fallen out with o.s., be at odds with o.s. and the world

* * *

unregelmäßiges intransitives Verb; mit sein

1) (auch fig.) disintegrate (in + Akk., zu into); < building> fall into ruin, decay; < corpse> decompose, decay

zerfallende Mauern — crumbling walls

2) (unterteilt sein) be divided (in + Akk. into)

* * *

v.

to disintegrate v.

to molder v.

to moulder v.

Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > zerfallen
19 romper

v.

1 to break.

romper algo en pedazos to break/smash/tear something to pieces

Eso rompe huesos That breaks bones.

Su voz rompe el silencio His voice breaks the silence.

2 to break.

3 to break (empezar) (día).

al romper el alba o día at daybreak

romper a hacer algo to suddenly start doing something

romper a llorar to burst into tears

romper a reír to burst out laughing

4 to break (olas).

5 to wear out.

6 to break (interrumpir) (monotonía, silencio, hábito).

7 to break off.

Su ira rompe nuestra amistad His anger breaks off our friendship.

8 to tear, to tear up.

Ellos rompieron los papeles They tore the papers.

* * *

romper

(pp roto,-a)

► verbo transitivo

1 (gen) to break; (papel, tela) to tear; (cristal, loza) to smash, shatter

2 (rajar, reventar) to split

3 (gastar) to wear out

4 (relaciones) to break off

5 figurado (ley) to break, violate; (contrato) to break

6 figurado (cerca, límite) to break through, break down

7 (empezar) to initiate, begin

■ romper las hostilidades to initiate hostilities

8 figurado (interrumpir) to break, interrupt

■ romper el silencio to break the silence

9 (mar, aire) to cleave

► verbo intransitivo

1 (acabar - con algo) to break; (- con alguien) to split up, US break up

■ romper con el pasado to break with one's past

■ rompieron hace un mes they broke up a month ago

2 (olas, día) to break

■ al romper el día at daybreak

3 (flores) to bloom, blossom

4 romper a + inf figurado (empezar) to burst out

■ romper a reír to burst out laughing

5 romper en + sust figurado (prorrumpir) to burst into

■ romper en llanto to burst into tears

► verbo pronominal romperse

1 (gen) to break

■ se me ha roto esta uña I've broken this nail

2 (papel, tela) to tear, rip

■ se me han roto las medias I've ripped my stockings

3 (rajarse, reventarse) to split

■ la bolsa se ha roto the bag has split open

4 (desgastarse) to wear out

■ se me han roto los zapatos my shoes are worn out

5 (coche) to break down

\

FRASEOLOGÍA

de rompe y rasga familiar resolute, determined

romper con alguien to quarrel with somebody, fall out with somebody

romper el fuego MILITAR to open fire

romper el hielo figurado to break the ice

romper una lanza por alguien figurado to defend somebody

romperle la cara a alguien / romperle las narices a alguien familiar to smash somebody's face in

romperse la cabeza (pensar) to rack one's brains 2 (herirse) to split one's head open

romperse por la mitad to break in half, split in half

* * *

verb

1) to break

2) smash, shatter

3) rip, tear

•

- romper a

* * *
(pp roto)
1. VT

1) (=partir, destrozar)

a) [intencionadamente] [+ juguete, mueble, cuerda] to break; [+ rama] to break, break off; [+ vaso, jarrón, cristal] to break, smash

los ladrones entraron rompiendo la puerta a patadas — the burglars got in by kicking down the door

la onda expansiva rompió los cristales — the shock wave broke o smashed the windows

b) (=rasgar) [+ tela, vestido, papel] to tear, rip

¡cuidado, que vas a romper las cortinas! — careful, you'll tear o rip the curtains!

se disgustó tanto con la carta que la rompió en pedazos — he was so angry about the letter that he tore o ripped it up

c) [por el uso] [+ zapatos, ropa] to wear out

d) [+ barrera] (lit) to break down, break through; (fig) to break down

tratan de romper barreras en el campo de la informática — they are trying to break down barriers in the area of computing

romper la barrera del sonido — to break the sound barrier

e)

romper aguas —

todavía no ha roto aguas — her waters haven't broken yet

- romper la cara a algn

- romper el hielo

- romper una lanza en favor de algn/algo

no haber roto un plato —

se comporta como si no hubiera roto un plato en su vida — he behaves as if butter wouldn't melt in his mouth

de rompe y rasga —

es una mujer de rompe y rasga — she's not someone to mess with

- quien rompe paga
esquema, molde
2) (=terminar) [+ equilibrio, silencio, maleficio, contrato] to break; [+ relaciones, amistad] to break off

hagamos algo distinto que rompa la rutina — let's do something different to break the routine

la patronal ha roto el pacto con los sindicatos — employers have broken the agreement with the unions

romper la racha de algo — to break a run of sth

romper el servicio a algn — (Tenis) to break sb's service

3) (Mil) [+ línea, cerco] to break, break through

¡rompan filas! — fall out!

romper (el) fuego — to open fire

romper las hostilidades — to start hostilities

4) (Agr) [+ tierra] to break, break up

5) Arg, Uru *** (=molestar) to piss off ***

deja de romperme — stop pissing me off ***

2. VI

1) [olas] to break

2) (=salir) [diente] to come through; [capullo, flor] to come out

romper entre algo — to break through sth, burst through sth

los manifestantes rompieron entre el cordón de seguridad — the demonstrators broke o burst through the security cordon

3) [alba, día] to break

al romper el alba — at crack of dawn, at daybreak

4) (=empezar)

romper a hacer algo — to (suddenly) start doing sth, (suddenly) start to do sth

rompió a proferir insultos contra todo el mundo — he suddenly started hurling o to hurl insults at everyone

al verme rompió a llorar — when he saw me he burst into tears

romper en llanto — to break down in tears

cuando rompa el hervor — when it comes to the boil

5) (=separarse) [pareja, novios] to split up

hace algún tiempo que rompieron — they split up some time ago

romper con — [+ novio, amante] to split up with, break up with; [+ amigo, familia] to fall out with; [+ aliado] to break off relations with; [+ tradición, costumbre, pasado] to break with; [+ imagen, tópico, leyenda] to break away from

ha roto con su novio — she has broken o split up with her boyfriend

Albania rompió con China en 1978 — Albania broke off relations with China in 1978

han roto con una tradición de siglos — they have broken with a centuries-old tradition

3.

See:

romperse

* * *
1.
verbo transitivo

1)

a) <loza/mueble> to break; < ventana> to break, smash; <lápiz/cuerda> to break, snap

b) < puerta> ( tirándola abajo) to break down; ( para que quede abierta) to break open

c) <hoja/póster> ( rasgar) to tear; ( en varios pedazos) to tear up

d) < camisa> to tear, split

2)

a) <silencio/monotonía> to break; < tranquilidad> to disturb

b) <promesa/pacto> to break; <relaciones/compromiso> to break off
2.
romper vi

1)

a) olas to break

b) (liter) alba to break; flores to open, burst open

al romper el día — at daybreak, at the crack of dawn

c) ( empezar)

romper A + INF — to begin o start to + inf

rompió a llorar/reír — she burst into tears/burst out laughing

romper en llanto — to burst into tears

2) novios to break up, split up

romper CON algn — con novio to split o break up with sb

romper CON algo — con el pasado to break with sth; con tradición to break away from sth

este verso rompe con la estructura del poema — this verse departs from the structure of the poem

de rompe y rasga — < decidir> suddenly

mujeres de rompe y rasga — strong-minded women
3.
romperse verbo pronominal

a) vaso/plato to break, smash, get broken o smashed; papel to tear, rip, get torn o ripped; televisor/ascensor (RPl) to break down

b) pantalones/zapatos to wear out

c) (refl) <brazo/pierna> to break

* * *

= break, break down, rupture, rip off, fracture, rip.

Ex. The document arrangement adopted is often broken, in the sense that documents in libraries are rarely shelved in one single and self-evident sequence.

Ex. It describes our experience in combatting mould which grew as a result of high humidity and temperatures when the air conditioning system broke down for several days after several days of rain.

Ex. In conversing with her you hadn't got to tread lightly and warily, lest at any moment you might rupture the relationship, and tumble into eternal disgrace.

Ex. Within the social sciences psychology journals are the most ripped off.

Ex. He will miss a month after fracturing his hand in practice.

Ex. He punched her in the head and forced her to another room where he pinned her to the floor and ripped her shirt trying to remove it.

----

* algo que rompe la armonía = a blot on the landscape.

* al romper el día = at the crack of dawn.

* día + romper = day + break.

* que no se rompe en mil pedazos = shatterproof.

* que rompe la armonía = eyesore.

* romper a carcajadas = break out with + laugh.

* romper Algo en pedazos = tear + Nombre + to bits.

* romper a reír = bubble over in + laugh, burst out + laughing, explode into + laughter.

* romper barreras = break down + boundaries, break down + borders.

* romper completamente = break off.

* romper completamente con = make + a clean break with.

* romper con = break out of, break through, step away from, break away from.

* romper con la tradición = make + break with tradition, break with + tradition.

* romper con una amenaza = slay + dragon.

* romper el equilibrio = tip + the scales.

* romper el hielo = break + the ice.

* romper el molde tradicional = break out of + the traditional mould.

* romper el silencio = break + the hush, break + silence, crack + the silence.

* romper filas = break + ranks.

* romper la barrera del sonido = break + the sound barrier.

* romper la huelga = cross + the picket line.

* romper la monotonía = relieve + monotony.

* romper las barreras = breach + boundaries, breach + barriers.

* romper las cadenas de la esclavitud = cast off + Posesivo + chains.

* romper las ilusiones = shatter + Posesivo + hopes.

* romper los esquemas = think out(side) + (of) the box.

* romper los lazos con = sever + Posesivo + links with, sever + Posesivo + ties with, break + ties with.

* romperse = snap off.

* romperse el cuello = break + Posesivo + neck.

* romperse la cabeza = puzzle + Reflexivo, scratch + Posesivo + head, rack + Posesivo + brains.

* romper tajantemente con = make + a clean break with.

* romper un acuerdo = sever + arrangement.

* romper una lanza en favor de = stick up for.

* romper una promesa = go back on, break + Posesivo + promise.

* romper una relación = break off + relationship, sever + connection.

* romper un lazo = sever + connection.

* * *
1.
verbo transitivo

1)

a) <loza/mueble> to break; < ventana> to break, smash; <lápiz/cuerda> to break, snap

b) < puerta> ( tirándola abajo) to break down; ( para que quede abierta) to break open

c) <hoja/póster> ( rasgar) to tear; ( en varios pedazos) to tear up

d) < camisa> to tear, split

2)

a) <silencio/monotonía> to break; < tranquilidad> to disturb

b) <promesa/pacto> to break; <relaciones/compromiso> to break off
2.
romper vi

1)

a) olas to break

b) (liter) alba to break; flores to open, burst open

al romper el día — at daybreak, at the crack of dawn

c) ( empezar)

romper A + INF — to begin o start to + inf

rompió a llorar/reír — she burst into tears/burst out laughing

romper en llanto — to burst into tears

2) novios to break up, split up

romper CON algn — con novio to split o break up with sb

romper CON algo — con el pasado to break with sth; con tradición to break away from sth

este verso rompe con la estructura del poema — this verse departs from the structure of the poem

de rompe y rasga — < decidir> suddenly

mujeres de rompe y rasga — strong-minded women
3.
romperse verbo pronominal

a) vaso/plato to break, smash, get broken o smashed; papel to tear, rip, get torn o ripped; televisor/ascensor (RPl) to break down

b) pantalones/zapatos to wear out

c) (refl) <brazo/pierna> to break

* * *

= break, break down, rupture, rip off, fracture, rip.

Ex: The document arrangement adopted is often broken, in the sense that documents in libraries are rarely shelved in one single and self-evident sequence.

Ex: It describes our experience in combatting mould which grew as a result of high humidity and temperatures when the air conditioning system broke down for several days after several days of rain.

Ex: In conversing with her you hadn't got to tread lightly and warily, lest at any moment you might rupture the relationship, and tumble into eternal disgrace.

Ex: Within the social sciences psychology journals are the most ripped off.

Ex: He will miss a month after fracturing his hand in practice.

Ex: He punched her in the head and forced her to another room where he pinned her to the floor and ripped her shirt trying to remove it.

* algo que rompe la armonía = a blot on the landscape.

* al romper el día = at the crack of dawn.

* día + romper = day + break.

* que no se rompe en mil pedazos = shatterproof.

* que rompe la armonía = eyesore.

* romper a carcajadas = break out with + laugh.

* romper Algo en pedazos = tear + Nombre + to bits.

* romper a reír = bubble over in + laugh, burst out + laughing, explode into + laughter.

* romper barreras = break down + boundaries, break down + borders.

* romper completamente = break off.

* romper completamente con = make + a clean break with.

* romper con = break out of, break through, step away from, break away from.

* romper con la tradición = make + break with tradition, break with + tradition.

* romper con una amenaza = slay + dragon.

* romper el equilibrio = tip + the scales.

* romper el hielo = break + the ice.

* romper el molde tradicional = break out of + the traditional mould.

* romper el silencio = break + the hush, break + silence, crack + the silence.

* romper filas = break + ranks.

* romper la barrera del sonido = break + the sound barrier.

* romper la huelga = cross + the picket line.

* romper la monotonía = relieve + monotony.

* romper las barreras = breach + boundaries, breach + barriers.

* romper las cadenas de la esclavitud = cast off + Posesivo + chains.

* romper las ilusiones = shatter + Posesivo + hopes.

* romper los esquemas = think out(side) + (of) the box.

* romper los lazos con = sever + Posesivo + links with, sever + Posesivo + ties with, break + ties with.

* romperse = snap off.

* romperse el cuello = break + Posesivo + neck.

* romperse la cabeza = puzzle + Reflexivo, scratch + Posesivo + head, rack + Posesivo + brains.

* romper tajantemente con = make + a clean break with.

* romper un acuerdo = sever + arrangement.

* romper una lanza en favor de = stick up for.

* romper una promesa = go back on, break + Posesivo + promise.

* romper una relación = break off + relationship, sever + connection.

* romper un lazo = sever + connection.

* * *

romper [ E30 ]

vt

A

1 ‹taza› to break; ‹ventana› to break, smash; ‹lápiz/cuerda› to break, snap; ‹juguete/radio/silla› to break

2 ‹puerta› (tirándola abajo) to break down; (para que quede abierta) to break open

3 ‹hoja/póster› (rasgar) to tear; (en varios pedazos) to tear up

4 ‹camisa› to tear, split

B

1 ‹silencio/monotonía› to break; ‹tranquilidad› to disturb

2 ‹promesa/pacto› to break; ‹relaciones/compromiso› to break off

C

1 ( fam) ‹servicio› (en tenis) to break

2 ( esp AmL) ‹récord› to break

■ romper

vi

A

1 «olas» to break

2 ( liter); «alba/día» to break; «flores» to open, burst open, come out

salimos al romper el día we left at daybreak o at the crack of dawn

3

(empezar): cuando rompa el hervor when it reaches boiling point, when it comes to the boil o starts to boil

romper A + INF to begin o start to + INF

rompió a llorar/reír she burst into tears/burst out laughing

romper EN algo:

romper en llanto to burst into tears

romper en sollozos to break into sobs, start sobbing

B «novios» to break up, split up romper CON algn ‹con un novio› to split o break up WITH sb; ‹con un amigo› to fall out WITH sb romper CON algo ‹con el pasado› to break WITH sth; ‹con una tradición› to break away FROM sth, break WITH sth

hay que romper con esas viejas creencias we have to break away from those old beliefs

este verso rompe con la estructura general del poema this verse departs from the general structure of the poem

de rompe y rasga: me lo dijo así, de rompe y rasga he told me like that, straight out ( colloq)

no se puede decidir así de rompe y rasga you can't just decide like that on the spur of the moment

mujeres de rompe y rasga strong-minded women

C ( RPl vulg) (molestar) to bug ( colloq)

■ romperse

v pron

1 «vaso/plato» to break, smash, get broken o smashed; «papel» to tear, rip, get torn o ripped; «televisor/lavadora/ascensor» ( RPl) to break down

2 «pantalones/zapatos» to wear out

se me rompieron los calcetines por el talón my socks have worn through o gone through at the heel

3 ‹brazo/pierna/muñeca› to break

se rompió el tobillo he broke his ankle

4

( RPl fam) (esforzarse): no te rompas demasiado don't kill yourself ( colloq)

no se rompieron mucho con el regalo they didn't go to much trouble o expense over the gift ( colloq)

* * *

romper ( conjugate romper) verbo transitivo
1
a) ‹loza/mueble› to break;

‹ ventana› to break, smash;
‹lápiz/cuerda› to break, snap
b) ‹hoja/póster› ( rasgar) to tear;

( en varios pedazos) to tear up
c) ‹ camisa› to tear, split

2
a) ‹silencio/monotonía› to break;

‹ tranquilidad› to disturb
b) ‹promesa/pacto› to break;

‹relaciones/compromiso› to break off
verbo intransitivo
1
a) [ olas] to break

b) (liter) [ alba] to break;

◊ al romper el día at daybreak, at the crack of dawn

c) ( empezar):

◊ rompió a llorar/reír she burst into tears/burst out laughing

2 [ novios] to break up, split up;
romper CON algn ‹ con novio› to split o break up with sb;
romper CON algo ‹ con el pasado› to break with sth;
‹ con tradición› to break away from sth
romperse verbo pronominal
a) [vaso/plato] to break, smash, get broken o smashed;

[ papel] to tear, rip, get torn o ripped;
[televisor/ascensor] (RPl) to break down
b) [pantalones/zapatos] to wear out

c) ( refl) ‹brazo/pierna› to break

romper
I verbo transitivo
1 to break
(un cristal, una pieza de loza) to smash, shatter
(una tela, un papel) to tear (up): rompió el contrato en pedazos, he tore the contract into pieces
2 (relaciones, una negociación) to break off
3 (una norma) to fail to fulfil, break
(una promesa, un trato) to break
4 (el ritmo, sueño, silencio) to break
II verbo intransitivo
1 (empezar el día, etc) to break: al cabo de un rato rompió a hablar, after a while she started talking
rompió a llorar, he burst into tears
2 (poner un fin) to break [con, with]: he roto con el pasado, I've broken with the past
(relaciones de pareja) rompieron hace una semana, they broke up a week ago ➣ Ver nota en break
' romper' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
acabar
- cascar
- congénere
- crisma
- dejar
- desligarse
- desordenar
- destrozar
- frágil
- hielo
- lanza
- partir
- regañar
- reñir
- echar
- espuma
- mameluco
- pacto
- promesa
- quebrar
English:
bash in
- break
- break into
- break off
- break up
- break with
- bust
- bust up
- crack
- dash
- fall out
- finish with
- ice
- monotony
- oath
- pound
- prompt
- rank
- relieve
- rupture
- sever
- smash
- snap
- snap off
- tear
- tear up
- chip
- fall
- half
- rip
- rompers
- shatter

* * *

romper

♦ vt

1. [partir, fragmentar] to break;
[hacer añicos] to smash; [rasgar] to tear;
romper algo en pedazos to break/smash/tear sth to pieces;
Mil
¡rompan filas! fall out!;

Comp
Fam
romper la baraja to get annoyed;

Comp
Fam
o jugamos todos, o se rompe la baraja either we all play, or nobody does

2. [estropear] to break

3. [desgastar] to wear out

4. [interrumpir] [monotonía, silencio, hábito] to break;
[hilo del discurso] to break off; [tradición] to put an end to, to stop
5. [terminar] to break off

6. [incumplir] to break;

rompió su promesa de ayudarnos she broke her promise to help us

7.
romper el par [en golf] to break par

8.
romper el servicio de alguien [en tenis] to break sb's serve

9. RP Fam [fastidiar]
no me rompas give me a break;

no (me) rompas la paciencia you're trying my patience;
muy Fam
romper las pelotas o [m5] las bolas o [m5] los huevos a alguien to get on sb's tits;
muy Fam
dejá de romper las pelotas o [m5] las bolas o [m5] los huevos stop being such a pain in the Br arse o US ass

♦ vi

1. [terminar una relación]
romper (con alguien) to break up o split up (with sb);

rompió con su novia he broke up o split up with his girlfriend;

ha roto con su familia she has broken off contact with her family;

romper con la tradición to break with tradition;

rompió con el partido she broke with the party

2. [empezar] [día] to break;
[hostilidades] to break out;
al romper el alba o [m5] día at daybreak;

romper a hacer algo to suddenly start doing sth;

romper a llorar to burst into tears;

romper a reír to burst out laughing

3. [olas] to break

4. Fam [tener éxito] to be a hit;

un cantante que rompe a singer who's all the rage;

Comp

de rompe y rasga: es una mujer de rompe y rasga she's a woman who knows what she wants o knows her own mind

5. RP Fam [molestar] to be a pain;

¡no rompas! give me a break!

♦ See also the pronominal verb romperse

* * *

romper

<part roto>

I v/t

1 break; ( hacer añicos) smash; tela, papel tear

2 relación break off

II v/i

1 break;

romper con alguien break up with s.o.

2

:

romper a hacer algo start doing sth, start to do sth;

romper a llorar burst into tears, start crying

3

:

hombre de rompe y rasga strong-minded man

* * *

romper {70} vt

1) : to break, to smash

2) : to rip, to tear

3) : to break off (relations), to break (a contract)

4) : to break through, to break down

5) gastar: to wear out

romper vi

1) : to break

al romper del día: at the break of day

2)

romper a : to begin to, to burst out with

romper a llorar: to burst into tears

3)

romper con : to break off with

* * *

romper vb

1. (en general) to break [pt. broke; pp. broken]

¿quién ha roto el cristal? who broke the window?

se rompió el brazo he broke his arm

2. (papel, tela) to tear [pt. tore; pp. torn]

he roto la sábana I've torn the sheet

rompió la carta she tore the letter up

3. (desgastar ropa, zapatos) to wear out [pt. wore; pp. worn]

vas a romper los zapatos you're going to wear your shoes out

4. (acabar una relación) to split up [pt. & pp. split]

rompieron hace un mes they split up a month ago

rompió con su novio she split up with her boyfriend

romper a llorar to burst into tears

romperse la cabeza to split your head open

Spanish-English dictionary > romper
20 echar

v.

1 to throw.

echar algo a la basura to throw something in the bin

Ella echa la basura She throws the garbage.

2 to put.

echa esos pantalones a la lavadora put those trousers in the washing machine

3 to pour (añadir) (vino, agua).

échame más zumo, por favor (sal, azúcar) could you pour me some more juice, please?

4 to give (decir) (discurso).

5 to post(postcard, letter).

echar algo al correo to put something in the post, to post something, to mail something (United States)

6 to give off, to emit (humo, vapor, chispas).

está que echa humo (informal figurative) she's fuming

El silenciador echa gases tóxicos The muffler emits toxic gases.

7 to sprout, to shoot (hojas, flores).

Mi mata de café echó hojitas My coffee plant sprouted leaves.

8 to lie (down).

9 to tell (buenaventura).

echar las cartas (a alguien) to read somebody's fortune (in cards)

10 to fire, to turn out, to dismiss.

La empresa echó a los empleados The company fired the employees.

11 to put in, to add in, to pour, to pour in.

Ella le echó agua al balde She put water in the pail.

12 to cast out, to throw out, to ditch, to drop.

María echó al borracho Mary cast out the wino.

13 to blame, to attribute.

Le echó la culpa a Ricardo He attributed the blame to Ricardo.

14 to blurt out.

Nos echó una andanada de insultos He blurted out insults on us.

* * *

echar

► verbo transitivo

1 (lanzar) to throw

■ echar monedas en la fuente to throw coins in the fountain

2 (dejar caer) to put, drop

3 (líquido) to pour; (comida) to give; (sal) to add, put in

4 (carta) to post, US mail

5 (expulsar) to throw out

■ lo han echado del cine he was thrown out of the cinema

6 (despedir de empleo) to sack, dismiss, fire

■ me han echado I've been sacked

7 (brotar, salir - plantas) to sprout; (- dientes) to cut; (- pelo) to grow

8 (decir) to tell

9 (emanar) to give out, give off

■ la caja de fusibles echa chispas sparks are coming out of the fuse box

10 (suponer, calcular) to guess

■ yo le echo 40 I think she's 40

11 (poner, aplicar) to put on, apply

12 (llave) to lock, turn; (cerrojo) to bolt, fasten

■ echa la llave lock the door, lock it

■ echa el cerrojo bolt the door, fasten the bolt

13 (multas, tributos) to give, impose

14 (en naipes) to deal

15 familiar (en el cine, teatro) to show, put on

■ echan una buena película en la tele there's a good film on TV

► verbo intransitivo

1 echar a + inf (empezar) to begin to

■ echó a andar he began to walk

■ echó a correr she ran off

2 echar de + inf (dar)

■ echar de comer to feed

3 echar por (seguir, ir) to take, follow

■ echó por la izquierda he went left

► verbo pronominal echarse

1 (arrojarse) to throw oneself

2 (tenderse) to lie down

■ me voy a echar un rato I'm going to lie down for a bit

3 (ponerse) to put on

4 (novio, novia) to get oneself

5 echarse a + inf (empezar) to begin to

■ se echó a reír he burst out laughing

\

FRASEOLOGÍA

echar a cara o cruz to toss for

echar a un lado to push aside

echar a perder to spoil

echar a suertes to draw lots

echar abajo→ link=echarechar por tierra

echar algo a suertes figurado to draw lots for something

echar barriga / echar carnes to put on weight

echar cuentas to calculate

echar de menos / echar en falta to miss

■ la echa de menos he misses her

echar el freno to put the brake on

echar en cara to blame

echar la buenaventura to tell somebody's fortune

echar la casa por la ventana figurado to spare no expense, splash out

echar las bases de to lay the foundations for

echar leña al fuego figurado to add fuel to the fire

echar maldiciones to curse

echar mano a algo to reach for something

echar mano de to make use of

echar pelillos a la mar figurado to bury the hatchet

echar por tierra (edificio) to demolish 2 (reputación etc) to ruin

echar un cigarrillo to smoke a cigarette

echar una mano to give a hand

echar una mirada / echar una ojeada to have a look, have a quick look

echar una parrafada to have a chat

echar una partida to play a game

echar una regañina a alguien / echar un sermón a alguien to tell somebody off

echar una siesta to have a siesta

echarse a perder (alimentos) to go bad 2 (personas) to go downhill

echarse a un lado to move to one side

echarse atrás (inclinarse) to lean back 2 (repensárselo) to have second thoughts, get cold feet

echárselas de familiar to claim to be

■ se las echa de valiente he claims to be brave

* * *

verb

1) to throw, throw out

2) fire, dismiss

3) put forth

4) add

5) launch

6) put

•

- echar a perder
- echar de menos
- echarse
* * *
Para las expresiones echar abajo, echar en cara, echar la culpa, echar en falta, echar de menos, echar a perder, echar raíces, echar a suertes, ver la otra entrada.
1. VERBO TRANSITIVO

1) (=tirar) [+ pelota, piedra, dados] to throw; [+ basura] to throw away; [+ ancla, red] to cast; [+ moneda al aire] to toss; [+ mirada] to cast, give; [+ naipe] to deal

échame las llaves — throw me the keys

échalo a la basura — throw it away

¿qué te han echado los Reyes? — ≈ what did you get for Christmas?

- echarlas

2) (=poner) to put

echar carbón a la lumbre — to put coal on the fire

he echado otra manta en la cama — I've put another blanket on the bed

¿te echo mantequilla en el pan? — shall I put some butter on your bread?

échale un poco de azúcar a la mezcla — add a little sugar to the mixture

• tengo que echar [gasolina] — I need to fill up (with petrol)
leña 1)
3) (=verter) to pour

echó un poco de vino en un vaso — he poured some wine into a glass

echar cera en un molde — to pour wax into a mould

4) (=servir) [+ bebida] to pour; [+ comida] to give

échame agua — could you give {o} pour me some water?

¿te echo más whisky? — shall I pour you some more whisky?

no me eches tanto — don't give me so much

• tengo que echar de [comer] a los animales — I have to feed the animals

lo que le echen —

resiste lo que le echen — she can take whatever they throw at her

5) (=dejar salir)

la chimenea echa humo — smoke is coming out of the chimney

¡qué peste echan tus zapatos! — * your shoes stink to high heaven! *
chispa 1., 1), espuma 1), hostia 6), leche 9), peste 3), sangre 1)
6) (=expulsar) [de casa, bar, tienda, club] to throw out; [del trabajo] to fire *, sack *; [de colegio] to expel

cuando protesté me echaron — when I protested they threw me out

me echó de su casa — he threw me out of his house

lo han echado del colegio — he's been expelled from school

la echaron del trabajo — she's been fired {o} sacked *

echar algo de sí — to get rid of sth, throw sth off

7) (=producir) [+ dientes] to cut; [+ hojas] to sprout

está empezando a echar barriga — he's starting to get a bit of a belly {o} paunch

¡vaya mal genio que has echado últimamente! — you've become {o} got really bad-tempered recently!

8) (=cerrar)

echar la llave/el cerrojo — to lock/bolt the door

echar el freno — to brake

echa la persiana — can you draw the blinds?

9) (=mover)

a) [+ parte del cuerpo]

echar la cabeza a un lado — to tilt {o} cock one's head to one side

echar el cuerpo hacia atrás — to lean back

b) (=empujando) to push

echar a algn a un lado — to push sb aside

echar atrás a la multitud — to push the crowd back

10) (=enviar) [+ carta] to post, mail (EEUU)

eché la carta en el buzón — I posted the letter

¿dónde puedo echar esta postal? — where can I post this postcard?

11) (=calcular) to reckon

¿cuántos kilos le echas? — how much do you think {o} reckon she weighs?

¿cuántos años le echas? — how old do you think {o} reckon he is?

échale una hora andando — you can reckon on it taking you an hour if you walk

12) (=dar) [+ discurso] to give, make

echar maldiciones — to curse

echar una reprimenda a algn — to tick sb off, give sb a ticking-off

he ido a que me echen las cartas — I've had my cards read

13) [con sustantivos que implican acciones] [+ trago, partida] to have

¿echamos un café? — shall we have a coffee?

salió al balcón a echar un cigarrillo — he went out onto the balcony for a smoke {o} cigarette

echar una multa a algn — to fine sb, give sb a fine
polvo 5), vistazo
14) [+ tiempo]

hay que echarle muchas horas — it takes a long time

de jóvenes nos echábamos nuestros buenos ratos de charla — we used to spend a lot of time talking when we were younger

esta semana he echado cuatro horas extras — I did four hours overtime this week

15) * [en cine, televisión] to show

echaron un programa sobre Einstein — there was a programme about Einstein on, they showed a programme about Einstein

¿qué echan en el cine? — what's on at the cinema?

16) [+ cimientos] to lay

17) (Zool) [para procrear]

ha echado a su perra con un pastor alemán — he has mated his bitch with a German shepherd

18) Caribe, Cono Sur (=azuzar) [+ animal] to urge on

2.

VERBO INTRANSITIVO (=tirar)

• ¡echa [para] adelante! — lead on!

ahora tienes que echar para adelante y olvidarte del pasado — you need to get on with your life and forget about the past

es un olor que echa para atrás — * it's a smell that really knocks you back *

echa para allá — move up

• echar [por] una calle — to go down a street

echemos por aquí — let's go this way
echar a ({+ infin})
echar a correr — to break into a run, start running

echar a reír — to burst out laughing, start laughing

3.

See:

echarse

* * *
1.
verbo transitivo

Sentido I

1)

a) (lanzar, tirar) to throw

lo eché a la basura — I threw it out o away

echó la moneda al aire — he tossed the coin

echaron el ancla/la red — they cast anchor/their net

echó la cabeza hacia atrás — she threw her head back

le echó los brazos al cuello — she threw her arms around his neck

echar a alguien a perder — to spoil somebody

echar algo a perder — to ruin something

echar de menos algo/a alguien — to miss something/somebody

b) ( soltar)

les echaron los perros — they set the dogs on them

c) (Jueg) < carta> to play, put down

echarle las cartas a alguien — to read somebody's cards

2) ( expulsar) < persona> ( de trabajo) to fire (colloq), to sack (BrE colloq); (de bar, teatro) to throw... out; ( de colegio) to expel

me echó de casa — he threw me out (of the house)

3) < carta> to mail (AmE), to post (BrE)

4)

a) (pasar, correr) < cortinas> to pull, draw

échale (la) llave — lock it

la persiana estaba echada — the blinds were down

¿echaste el cerrojo? — did you bolt the door?

b) ( mover)

lo echó para atrás — she pushed (o moved etc) it backward(s)

5) (expeler, despedir) <olor, humo, chispas> to give off

echaba espuma por la boca — he was foaming at the mouth

6) ( producir)

a) < hojas> to sprout

ya está echando flores — it's flowering already

b) < dientes> to cut

estás echando barriga — (fam) you're getting a bit of a tummy (colloq)

Sentido II

7)

a) ( poner) <leña/carbón> to put; < gasolina> to put in

¿le echas azúcar al café? — do you take sugar in your coffee?

échale valor y díselo — (fam) just pluck up your courage and tell him

b) (servir, dar) to give

¿te echo más salsa? — do you want some more sauce?

echar de comer a los cerdos — to feed the pigs

8)

a) (decir, dirigir) <sermón/discurso> (+ me/te/le etc)

me echó un sermón — (fam) he gave me a real talking-to (colloq)

le echó una maldición — she put a curse on him

b) (fam) ( imponer) <condena/multa> (+ me/te/le etc) to give

le echaron una multa — he got a fine, they gave him a fine

me echaron dos años — I got two years (colloq)

9) (fam) ( calcular) (+ me/te/le etc)

¿cuántos años me echas? — how old do you think I am?

de aquí a tu casa échale una hora — it's o it takes about an hour from here to your house

10) (Esp fam) (dar, exhibir) <programa/película> to show

¿qué echan en la tele? — what's on TV?

Sentido III

11) <cigarillo/trago> to have

echar una firma — to sign

echar el freno — to put the brake on

me echó una mirada furibunda — she gave me a furious look

echarle la culpa a alguien — to put o lay the blame on somebody

Sentido IV

12)

echar abajo — < edificio> to pull down; < gobierno> to bring down; < proyecto> to destroy; < esperanzas> to dash; < moral> to undermine

echaron la puerta abajo — they broke the door down
2.
echar vi

1) ( empezar)

echar a + inf — to start o begin to + inf, start o begin -ing

echó a correr — he started to run o started running

las palomas echaron a volar — the doves flew off

2) ( dirigirse)

echó calle abajo — she went off down the street

echa por aquí — go down here

3)

echar para adelante or (fam) p'alante: echa para adelante un poco go forward a little; echa p'alante, que ya llegamos — keep going, we're nearly there
3.
1) echarse v pron

Sentido I

2)

a) (tirarse, arrojarse) to throw oneself

me eché al suelo — I threw myself to the ground

echarse de cabeza al agua — to dive into the water

échate hacia atrás — lean back

la noche se nos echó encima — night fell suddenly

echarse a perder — comida to go bad, go off (BrE); cosecha/proyecto/plan to be ruined

b) (tumbarse, acostarse) to lie down

c) (apartarse, moverse) (+ compl)

se echó a un lado — she moved to one side

échate un poco para allá — move over that way a bit

echarse atrás — to back out

echárselas — (Chi fam)

se las echó — he upped and left (colloq)

echárselas de algo — (fam)

se las echa de culto — he likes to think he's cultured

d) aves to brood

3)

a) ( ponerse) to put on

echarse crema — to put cream on

se echó el abrigo por los hombros — she put the coat around her shoulders

b) (Esp fam) <novio/novia>

se ha echado novia — he's found o got himself a girlfriend

c) (Méx fam) ( beberse) to drink

4) ( expulsar)

echarse un pedo — to fart (colloq)

5) (Méx fam) ( romper) to break

echarse a alguien — (Méx fam) to bump somebody off (colloq)

6) (Col fam) ( tardar) <horas/días> to take

Sentido II

7) ( empezar) echar 1)

* * *

= throw, pour (in/into), toss, sack, give + Nombre + the boot, boot (out), give + Nombre + the sack, send + Nombre + packing, turf out, give off, billow out, spout.

Ex. The point to be made for the novice abstractor is that editors are not ghouls who must be thrown raw meat before a check is issued.

Ex. The water of the stuff poured into the middle of the cylinder through its wire-mesh cover, and was immediately pumped out from one end leaving a film of fibres on the surface.

Ex. Everything being online, the exquisite oaken cabinets housing the card files were tossed.

Ex. The author warns that shortsighted companies that believe all the information they need is on the Web may sack information professionals.

Ex. He was given the boot for being discovered with a camera taking a photo of hula dancers.

Ex. As Hartwick got older, the feds decided he was a major security risk and booted him out of the program.

Ex. Justin pointed out that the government would not compromise and those found protecting illegal immigrants would be given the sack.

Ex. Those who hold this view argued that the state government lacks the political will to send them packing for good.

Ex. You will be disliked and turfed out as a sacrificial goat once your job is done but there will be many others queuing up for your services.

Ex. Once the fronds have given off their spores, they die and can be cut back.

Ex. Nearly everyone has seen a factory's smokestack billowing out black sooty smoke that dirties the air and blackens buildings.

Ex. The weather cleared enough that we could get in to the volcanic islands (still spouting plumes of smoke) by copter in safety.

----

* culpa + echar a + Nombre = blame + lay + at the feet of + Nombre.

* echando hostias = like the clappers.

* echando mecha = like the clappers.

* echar a Alguien de un Lugar = send + Nombre + on + Posesivo + way.

* echar a andar = implement, leg it.

* echar abajo = knock down.

* echar a correr = bolt, make + a bolt for, take off + running, take to + Posesivo + heels, run off.

* echar a la calle = evict, throw + Nombre + out.

* echar Algo por tierra = blow + Nombre + out of the water.

* echar amarras = moor.

* echar anclas = drop + anchor.

* echar a perder = ruin, bungle, bring out + the worst in, cast + a blight on, blight, go off.

* echar a pique = scuttle.

* echar a suerte = draw + lots.

* echar a un lado = push aside.

* echar a volar = take + flight.

* echar brotes = bud, sprout.

* echar chispas = fume, froth at + the mouth.

* echar chispas por los ojos = glower, scowl (at).

* echar coraje = pluck up + courage, gather up + courage.

* echar de menos = miss.

* echar dentro de = throw into.

* echar el ancla = drop + anchor.

* echar el candado = padlock.

* echar en cara = fault.

* echar espuma por la boca = froth at + the mouth.

* echar espumarajos por la boca = froth at + the mouth.

* echar fuera = throw + Nombre + out.

* echar gasolina = pump + gas.

* echar hojas = leaf out.

* echar humo = blow + smoke, fume, steam, smoulder [smolder, -USA], froth at + the mouth.

* echar humo por las orejas = go + berserk, go + postal, work up + a lather.

* echar la bola a rodar = get + the ball rolling, set + the ball rolling, start + the ball rolling.

* echar la culpa = place + blame, fault.

* echarle el ojo a = eye.

* echarle la culpa a = put + the blame on.

* echar leña al fuego = pour + oil on the flames.

* echarle una mano a = bat for, go to + bat for.

* echar los dientes = cut + Posesivo + teeth.

* echar los postigos = shutter.

* echarlo todo a perder = upset + the applecart.

* echarlo todo a rodar = upset + the applecart.

* echarlo todo por tierra = upset + the applecart.

* echar mano a/de = leverage.

* echar mano a los ahorros = dip into + savings.

* echar mano de = fall back on, call into + play.

* echar marcha atrás = do + an about-face, back out, back up.

* echar muchas horas al día = work + long hours.

* echar muchísimo de menos = be sorely missed, be sadly missed.

* echar muchísimo en falta = be sorely missed, be sadly missed.

* echar mucho de menos = be sorely missed, be sadly missed.

* echar mucho en falta = be sorely missed, be sadly missed.

* echar poco a poco = dribble.

* echar por alto = bungle.

* echar por encima = top with.

* echar por la borda = go by + the board, jettison.

* echar por tierra = scupper, blight, cast + a blight on.

* echar por tierra las ilusiones = shatter + Posesivo + hopes.

* echar por tierra los planes de Alguien = spike + Posesivo + guns.

* echar por tierra una idea = crush + idea.

* echar + Posesivo + planes a perder = upset + Posesivo + plans, ruin + Posesivo + plans.

* echar raíces = settle down, root.

* echar sal = salt.

* echar sal en la herida = add + salt to injury, add + salt to the wound, add + insult to injury, rub + salt in the wound.

* echarse = stretch out, lie down.

* echarse a la calle = take to + the road, take to + the streets.

* echarse a la calles = spill (out) into + the streets.

* echarse a temblar con sólo pensar en = shudder at + the thought of.

* echarse atrás = draw back, draw back, chicken out (on/of), back out, get + cold feet, backpedal [back-pedal].

* echarse encima de = bear down on.

* echarse flores = blow + Posesivo + own trumpet.

* écharsele a Uno el día encima = make + hay while the sun shines.

* echarse una cabezada = get + forty winks, get + some shut-eye, snatch + some shut-eye, grab + some shut-eye, snatch + forty winks, grab + forty winks, take + forty winks.

* echarse una cabezadita = get + forty winks, get + some shut-eye, snatch + some shut-eye, grab + some shut-eye, snatch + forty winks, grab + forty winks, take + forty winks.

* echarse una cana al aire = have + a fling.

* echarse una canita al aire = have + a fling.

* echarse una siesta = take + a nap, nap, napping, kip.

* echarse un duelo = duel.

* echarse un pulso = arm wrestling.

* echarse un sueñecito = get + forty winks, get + some shut-eye, snatch + some shut-eye, grab + some shut-eye, snatch + forty winks, grab + forty winks, take + forty winks.

* echarse un trago = tipple.

* echar suertes = draw + lots.

* echar toda la carne en el asador = put + all (of) + Posesivo + eggs in one basket, shoot (for) + the moon, go for + broke.

* echar una bronca = tell + Nombe + off, give + Nombre + a dressing-down, give + Nombre + a telling-off, chew + Nombre + up.

* echar una buena bronca = give + Nombre + a good roasting.

* echar una cana al aire = kick up + Posesivo + heels.

* echar una cana al aire antes de sentar la cabeza = sow + Posesivo + wild oats.

* echar una cana al aire cuando joven = sow + Posesivo + wild oats.

* echar una canica al aire = disport + Reflexivo.

* echar una mano = lend + a (helping) hand, put + Posesivo + shoulder to the wheel, set + Posesivo + shoulder to the wheel, muck in, pitch in.

* echar una mano a Alguien = give + Nombre + a hand.

* echar una meada = take + a leak, have + a leak.

* echar una mirada = take + a look at, take + a peek, peek, have + a look, cast + a glance over, look through, glance at, take + a gander.

* echar una mirada furtiva a = steal + a glance at.

* echar una mirada mortal = look + daggers at.

* echar una ojeada = look through, glance at, peek, take + a peek, take + a look at, take + a gander.

* echar una ojeada a = cast + a glance over.

* echar un cana al aire = one-night stand.

* echar un casquete = fuck, screw, get + laid.

* echar un chorro de = squirt.

* echar un conjuro = cast + a (magic) spell.

* echar un ojo = keep + an eye on, have + a look.

* echar un polvo = fuck, screw, get + laid.

* echar un rapapolvo = tell + Nombe + off, give + Nombre + a dressing-down, give + Nombre + a telling-off, chew + Nombre + up.

* echar un tupido velo sobre = draw + a veil over.

* echar un vistazo = take + a look at, glance at, check out, peek, have + a look, take + a peek, cast + a glance over, look through, browse, peruse, take + a gander.

* echar valor = pluck up + courage, muster (up) + (the) courage, gather up + courage.

* echar vino = pour + wine.

* la suerte estaba echada = the die was cast, the die had been cast.

* la suerte está echada = the die is cast.

* para echar sal en la herida = to add insult to injury, to add salt to injury, to rub salt in the wound.

* planta que echa flores = bloomer.

* salir a echarse un cigarro = go out for + a smoke.

* salir echando leches = bolt, take off, make + a bolt for, dash off, shoot off.

* ser demasiado tarde para echar atrás = reach + the point of no return.

* * *
1.
verbo transitivo

Sentido I

1)

a) (lanzar, tirar) to throw

lo eché a la basura — I threw it out o away

echó la moneda al aire — he tossed the coin

echaron el ancla/la red — they cast anchor/their net

echó la cabeza hacia atrás — she threw her head back

le echó los brazos al cuello — she threw her arms around his neck

echar a alguien a perder — to spoil somebody

echar algo a perder — to ruin something

echar de menos algo/a alguien — to miss something/somebody

b) ( soltar)

les echaron los perros — they set the dogs on them

c) (Jueg) < carta> to play, put down

echarle las cartas a alguien — to read somebody's cards

2) ( expulsar) < persona> ( de trabajo) to fire (colloq), to sack (BrE colloq); (de bar, teatro) to throw... out; ( de colegio) to expel

me echó de casa — he threw me out (of the house)

3) < carta> to mail (AmE), to post (BrE)

4)

a) (pasar, correr) < cortinas> to pull, draw

échale (la) llave — lock it

la persiana estaba echada — the blinds were down

¿echaste el cerrojo? — did you bolt the door?

b) ( mover)

lo echó para atrás — she pushed (o moved etc) it backward(s)

5) (expeler, despedir) <olor, humo, chispas> to give off

echaba espuma por la boca — he was foaming at the mouth

6) ( producir)

a) < hojas> to sprout

ya está echando flores — it's flowering already

b) < dientes> to cut

estás echando barriga — (fam) you're getting a bit of a tummy (colloq)

Sentido II

7)

a) ( poner) <leña/carbón> to put; < gasolina> to put in

¿le echas azúcar al café? — do you take sugar in your coffee?

échale valor y díselo — (fam) just pluck up your courage and tell him

b) (servir, dar) to give

¿te echo más salsa? — do you want some more sauce?

echar de comer a los cerdos — to feed the pigs

8)

a) (decir, dirigir) <sermón/discurso> (+ me/te/le etc)

me echó un sermón — (fam) he gave me a real talking-to (colloq)

le echó una maldición — she put a curse on him

b) (fam) ( imponer) <condena/multa> (+ me/te/le etc) to give

le echaron una multa — he got a fine, they gave him a fine

me echaron dos años — I got two years (colloq)

9) (fam) ( calcular) (+ me/te/le etc)

¿cuántos años me echas? — how old do you think I am?

de aquí a tu casa échale una hora — it's o it takes about an hour from here to your house

10) (Esp fam) (dar, exhibir) <programa/película> to show

¿qué echan en la tele? — what's on TV?

Sentido III

11) <cigarillo/trago> to have

echar una firma — to sign

echar el freno — to put the brake on

me echó una mirada furibunda — she gave me a furious look

echarle la culpa a alguien — to put o lay the blame on somebody

Sentido IV

12)

echar abajo — < edificio> to pull down; < gobierno> to bring down; < proyecto> to destroy; < esperanzas> to dash; < moral> to undermine

echaron la puerta abajo — they broke the door down
2.
echar vi

1) ( empezar)

echar a + inf — to start o begin to + inf, start o begin -ing

echó a correr — he started to run o started running

las palomas echaron a volar — the doves flew off

2) ( dirigirse)

echó calle abajo — she went off down the street

echa por aquí — go down here

3)

echar para adelante or (fam) p'alante: echa para adelante un poco go forward a little; echa p'alante, que ya llegamos — keep going, we're nearly there
3.
1) echarse v pron

Sentido I

2)

a) (tirarse, arrojarse) to throw oneself

me eché al suelo — I threw myself to the ground

echarse de cabeza al agua — to dive into the water

échate hacia atrás — lean back

la noche se nos echó encima — night fell suddenly

echarse a perder — comida to go bad, go off (BrE); cosecha/proyecto/plan to be ruined

b) (tumbarse, acostarse) to lie down

c) (apartarse, moverse) (+ compl)

se echó a un lado — she moved to one side

échate un poco para allá — move over that way a bit

echarse atrás — to back out

echárselas — (Chi fam)

se las echó — he upped and left (colloq)

echárselas de algo — (fam)

se las echa de culto — he likes to think he's cultured

d) aves to brood

3)

a) ( ponerse) to put on

echarse crema — to put cream on

se echó el abrigo por los hombros — she put the coat around her shoulders

b) (Esp fam) <novio/novia>

se ha echado novia — he's found o got himself a girlfriend

c) (Méx fam) ( beberse) to drink

4) ( expulsar)

echarse un pedo — to fart (colloq)

5) (Méx fam) ( romper) to break

echarse a alguien — (Méx fam) to bump somebody off (colloq)

6) (Col fam) ( tardar) <horas/días> to take

Sentido II

7) ( empezar) echar 1)

* * *

= throw, pour (in/into), toss, sack, give + Nombre + the boot, boot (out), give + Nombre + the sack, send + Nombre + packing, turf out, give off, billow out, spout.

Ex: The point to be made for the novice abstractor is that editors are not ghouls who must be thrown raw meat before a check is issued.

Ex: The water of the stuff poured into the middle of the cylinder through its wire-mesh cover, and was immediately pumped out from one end leaving a film of fibres on the surface.

Ex: Everything being online, the exquisite oaken cabinets housing the card files were tossed.

Ex: The author warns that shortsighted companies that believe all the information they need is on the Web may sack information professionals.

Ex: He was given the boot for being discovered with a camera taking a photo of hula dancers.

Ex: As Hartwick got older, the feds decided he was a major security risk and booted him out of the program.

Ex: Justin pointed out that the government would not compromise and those found protecting illegal immigrants would be given the sack.

Ex: Those who hold this view argued that the state government lacks the political will to send them packing for good.

Ex: You will be disliked and turfed out as a sacrificial goat once your job is done but there will be many others queuing up for your services.

Ex: Once the fronds have given off their spores, they die and can be cut back.

Ex: Nearly everyone has seen a factory's smokestack billowing out black sooty smoke that dirties the air and blackens buildings.

Ex: The weather cleared enough that we could get in to the volcanic islands (still spouting plumes of smoke) by copter in safety.

* culpa + echar a + Nombre = blame + lay + at the feet of + Nombre.

* echando hostias = like the clappers.

* echando mecha = like the clappers.

* echar a Alguien de un Lugar = send + Nombre + on + Posesivo + way.

* echar a andar = implement, leg it.

* echar abajo = knock down.

* echar a correr = bolt, make + a bolt for, take off + running, take to + Posesivo + heels, run off.

* echar a la calle = evict, throw + Nombre + out.

* echar Algo por tierra = blow + Nombre + out of the water.

* echar amarras = moor.

* echar anclas = drop + anchor.

* echar a perder = ruin, bungle, bring out + the worst in, cast + a blight on, blight, go off.

* echar a pique = scuttle.

* echar a suerte = draw + lots.

* echar a un lado = push aside.

* echar a volar = take + flight.

* echar brotes = bud, sprout.

* echar chispas = fume, froth at + the mouth.

* echar chispas por los ojos = glower, scowl (at).

* echar coraje = pluck up + courage, gather up + courage.

* echar de menos = miss.

* echar dentro de = throw into.

* echar el ancla = drop + anchor.

* echar el candado = padlock.

* echar en cara = fault.

* echar espuma por la boca = froth at + the mouth.

* echar espumarajos por la boca = froth at + the mouth.

* echar fuera = throw + Nombre + out.

* echar gasolina = pump + gas.

* echar hojas = leaf out.

* echar humo = blow + smoke, fume, steam, smoulder [smolder, -USA], froth at + the mouth.

* echar humo por las orejas = go + berserk, go + postal, work up + a lather.

* echar la bola a rodar = get + the ball rolling, set + the ball rolling, start + the ball rolling.

* echar la culpa = place + blame, fault.

* echarle el ojo a = eye.

* echarle la culpa a = put + the blame on.

* echar leña al fuego = pour + oil on the flames.

* echarle una mano a = bat for, go to + bat for.

* echar los dientes = cut + Posesivo + teeth.

* echar los postigos = shutter.

* echarlo todo a perder = upset + the applecart.

* echarlo todo a rodar = upset + the applecart.

* echarlo todo por tierra = upset + the applecart.

* echar mano a/de = leverage.

* echar mano a los ahorros = dip into + savings.

* echar mano de = fall back on, call into + play.

* echar marcha atrás = do + an about-face, back out, back up.

* echar muchas horas al día = work + long hours.

* echar muchísimo de menos = be sorely missed, be sadly missed.

* echar muchísimo en falta = be sorely missed, be sadly missed.

* echar mucho de menos = be sorely missed, be sadly missed.

* echar mucho en falta = be sorely missed, be sadly missed.

* echar poco a poco = dribble.

* echar por alto = bungle.

* echar por encima = top with.

* echar por la borda = go by + the board, jettison.

* echar por tierra = scupper, blight, cast + a blight on.

* echar por tierra las ilusiones = shatter + Posesivo + hopes.

* echar por tierra los planes de Alguien = spike + Posesivo + guns.

* echar por tierra una idea = crush + idea.

* echar + Posesivo + planes a perder = upset + Posesivo + plans, ruin + Posesivo + plans.

* echar raíces = settle down, root.

* echar sal = salt.

* echar sal en la herida = add + salt to injury, add + salt to the wound, add + insult to injury, rub + salt in the wound.

* echarse = stretch out, lie down.

* echarse a la calle = take to + the road, take to + the streets.

* echarse a la calles = spill (out) into + the streets.

* echarse a temblar con sólo pensar en = shudder at + the thought of.

* echarse atrás = draw back, draw back, chicken out (on/of), back out, get + cold feet, backpedal [back-pedal].

* echarse encima de = bear down on.

* echarse flores = blow + Posesivo + own trumpet.

* écharsele a Uno el día encima = make + hay while the sun shines.

* echarse una cabezada = get + forty winks, get + some shut-eye, snatch + some shut-eye, grab + some shut-eye, snatch + forty winks, grab + forty winks, take + forty winks.

* echarse una cabezadita = get + forty winks, get + some shut-eye, snatch + some shut-eye, grab + some shut-eye, snatch + forty winks, grab + forty winks, take + forty winks.

* echarse una cana al aire = have + a fling.

* echarse una canita al aire = have + a fling.

* echarse una siesta = take + a nap, nap, napping, kip.

* echarse un duelo = duel.

* echarse un pulso = arm wrestling.

* echarse un sueñecito = get + forty winks, get + some shut-eye, snatch + some shut-eye, grab + some shut-eye, snatch + forty winks, grab + forty winks, take + forty winks.

* echarse un trago = tipple.

* echar suertes = draw + lots.

* echar toda la carne en el asador = put + all (of) + Posesivo + eggs in one basket, shoot (for) + the moon, go for + broke.

* echar una bronca = tell + Nombe + off, give + Nombre + a dressing-down, give + Nombre + a telling-off, chew + Nombre + up.

* echar una buena bronca = give + Nombre + a good roasting.

* echar una cana al aire = kick up + Posesivo + heels.

* echar una cana al aire antes de sentar la cabeza = sow + Posesivo + wild oats.

* echar una cana al aire cuando joven = sow + Posesivo + wild oats.

* echar una canica al aire = disport + Reflexivo.

* echar una mano = lend + a (helping) hand, put + Posesivo + shoulder to the wheel, set + Posesivo + shoulder to the wheel, muck in, pitch in.

* echar una mano a Alguien = give + Nombre + a hand.

* echar una meada = take + a leak, have + a leak.

* echar una mirada = take + a look at, take + a peek, peek, have + a look, cast + a glance over, look through, glance at, take + a gander.

* echar una mirada furtiva a = steal + a glance at.

* echar una mirada mortal = look + daggers at.

* echar una ojeada = look through, glance at, peek, take + a peek, take + a look at, take + a gander.

* echar una ojeada a = cast + a glance over.

* echar un cana al aire = one-night stand.

* echar un casquete = fuck, screw, get + laid.

* echar un chorro de = squirt.

* echar un conjuro = cast + a (magic) spell.

* echar un ojo = keep + an eye on, have + a look.

* echar un polvo = fuck, screw, get + laid.

* echar un rapapolvo = tell + Nombe + off, give + Nombre + a dressing-down, give + Nombre + a telling-off, chew + Nombre + up.

* echar un tupido velo sobre = draw + a veil over.

* echar un vistazo = take + a look at, glance at, check out, peek, have + a look, take + a peek, cast + a glance over, look through, browse, peruse, take + a gander.

* echar valor = pluck up + courage, muster (up) + (the) courage, gather up + courage.

* echar vino = pour + wine.

* la suerte estaba echada = the die was cast, the die had been cast.

* la suerte está echada = the die is cast.

* para echar sal en la herida = to add insult to injury, to add salt to injury, to rub salt in the wound.

* planta que echa flores = bloomer.

* salir a echarse un cigarro = go out for + a smoke.

* salir echando leches = bolt, take off, make + a bolt for, dash off, shoot off.

* ser demasiado tarde para echar atrás = reach + the point of no return.

* * *

echar [A1 ]

GUIA DE BUSQUEDA

■ echar (verbo transitivo)

Sentido I

A

1 lanzar, tirar

2 soltar

3 Juegos: cartas

B expulsar: persona

C echar: carta

D

1 pasar, correr

2 mover

E despedir: humo

F

1 echar: hojas

2 echar: dientes

Sentido II

A

1 poner

2 servir, dar

B

1 dirigir: sermón, discurso

2 imponer

C calcular

D dar: programa, película

E pasar: tiempo

Sentido III con sustantivos

Sentido IV

A echar abajo

B echar de ver

■ echar (verbo intransitivo)

A empezar

B dirigirse

C echar para adelante

■ echarse (verbo pronominal)

Sentido I

A

1 tirarse, arrojarse

2 tumbarse, acostarse

3 apartarse, moverse

B

1 ponerse

2 echarse novio/novia

3 tragarse

C expulsar

D romper

E tardar

Sentido II echarse a + infinitivo

vt

Sentido I

A

1 (lanzar, tirar) to throw

echó la botella por la ventanilla she threw the bottle out of the window

lo eché a la basura I threw it out o away

echó la moneda al aire he tossed the coin

echó una piedra al agua she threw a stone into the water

échame la pelota throw me the ball, throw the ball to me

echaron el ancla they cast their anchor o dropped anchor

echó la red he cast his net

echó la cabeza hacia atrás she threw her head back

echó la mano a la pistola he grabbed o made a grab for his gun

le echó los brazos al cuello she threw her arms around his neck

echar a algn a perder to spoil sb

echar algo a perder ‹sorpresa/preparativos› to spoil sth, ruin sth

ha luchado tanto y ahora lo echa todo a perder he's fought so hard and now he's throwing it all away

la helada echó a perder la cosecha the frost ruined the harvest

echar de menos algo/a algn to miss sth/sb

¿cuándo lo echaste de menos? when did you miss it o realize it was missing?

te echo mucho de menos I really miss you, I miss you terribly

2

(soltar): les echaron los perros they set the dogs on them

echó el semental a la yegua he put the mare to the stud

3 ( Juegos) ‹carta› to play, put down

echarle las cartas a algn to read sb's cards

B (expulsar) ‹persona› (de un trabajo) to fire ( colloq), to sack ( BrE colloq); (de un bar, teatro) to throw … out; (de un colegio) to expel

me echaron (del trabajo) I was fired, I got the sack ( BrE)

me echó de casa he threw o turned me out (of the house)

entre dos camareros lo echaron a la calle two of the waiters threw him out

C ‹carta› to mail ( AmE), to post ( BrE)

D

1 (pasar, correr) ‹cortinas› to pull, draw

échale la llave lock it

la persiana estaba echada the blinds were down

¿echaste el cerrojo? did you bolt the door?

2

(mover): échalo a un lado push it to one side

lo echó para atrás she pushed ( o moved etc) it backward(s)

E

(expeler, despedir): echaba espuma por la boca he was foaming at the mouth

el motor echa mucho humo there's a lot of smoke coming from the engine

el volcán echaba humo y lava the volcano was belching out smoke and lava

¡qué peste echa esa fábrica! ( fam); what a stink that factory gives off! ( colloq)

chispa² (↑ chispa (2))

F (producir)

1 ‹hojas› to sprout

la planta ya está echando flores the plant is already flowering

2 ‹dientes› to cut

estás echando barriga ( fam); you're getting a bit of a tummy ( colloq)

Sentido II

A

1 (poner) to put

le echaste mucha sal a la sopa you put too much salt in the soup

¿cuánto azúcar le echas al café? how many sugars do you take in your coffee?

echa esa camisa a la ropa sucia put that shirt in with the dirty laundry, put that shirt out for the wash

echa más leña al fuego put some more wood on the fire

¿qué te echaron los Reyes? ( Esp); ≈ what did Santa bring you?

échale valor y díselo ( fam); just pluck up your courage and tell him

2 (servir, dar) to give

échame un poquito de vino can you pour o give me a little wine?

¿te echo más salsa? do you want some more sauce?

tenía que echar de comer a los cerdos he had to feed the pigs

tengo que echarles de comer a los niños ( fam hum); I have to feed the children, I have to get the children's dinner ( o lunch etc)

lo que me/le echen ( Esp fam): yo, de trabajo, lo que me echen I'll do whatever needs doing ( colloq)

éste come lo que le echen he'll eat whatever's put in front of him ( colloq)

B

1 (dirigir) ‹sermón/discurso› (+ me/te/le etc):

me echó un sermón por llegar tarde ( fam); he gave me a real talking-to for being late ( colloq)

nos echó un discurso de dos horas ( fam); she gave us a two-hour lecture ( colloq)

le echó una maldición she put a curse on him

peste

2 ( fam) (imponer) ‹condena/multa› (+ me/te/le etc) to give

le echaron una multa he was fined, they gave him a fine, he got a fine

me echaron dos años I got two years ( colloq)

C ( fam) (calcular) (+ me/te/le etc):

¿cuántos años me echas? how old do you think I am?

le echo 20 años I'd say he was 20, I'd put him at 20 ( colloq)

¿cuánto te costó? — ¿cuánto le echas? how much did it cost you? — how much do you think? o have a guess

de aquí a tu casa échale una media hora it's o it takes about half an hour from here to your house

D ( Esp fam) (dar, exhibir) ‹programa/película› to show

¿qué echan en el Imperial? what are they showing at the Imperial?, what's on at the Imperial?

¿qué echan en la tele esta noche? what's on TV tonight?

E ( Esp fam) (pasar) ‹tiempo› to spend

echamos un rato agradable con ellos we spent o had a pleasant few hours with them

Sentido III ( con sustantivos):

echar un cigarrillo ( fam); to have a cigarette

echar una firma ( fam); to sign

echar el freno to put the brake on

me echó una mirada furibunda she gave o threw me a furious look

echaron unas manos de póquer they played o had a few hands of poker

cuenta¹ f A 1. (↑ cuenta (1)), culpa, mirada, partida, siesta, etc

Sentido IV

A

echar abajo ‹edificio› to pull down;

‹gobierno› to bring down; ‹proyecto› to destroy; ‹esperanzas› to dash

nos echó abajo la moral it undermined our morale

echaron la puerta abajo they broke the door down

tierra

B

echar de ver to notice, realize

se echa de ver que está muy triste it's obvious that o you can see that she's not very happy

■ echar

vi

A (empezar) echar A + INF to start o begin to + INF, start o begin -ING

al ver que lo seguían echó a correr when he saw they were following him he started to run o started running o broke into a run

echó a andar sin esperarnos he set off without waiting for us

el motor echó a andar a la primera the engine started (the) first time

las palomas echaron a volar the doves flew off

B

(dirigirse): echó calle abajo she went off down the street

echa por aquí a ver si podemos aparcar go down here to see if we can find a place to park

echaron por la primera calle a la derecha they took the first street on the right

C

echar para adelante or ( fam) p'alante: echa para adelante un poco, si no vas a bloquear la salida del garaje go forward a little, or else you'll block the garage exit

echa p'alante y verás cómo te sale bien go for it! everything will turn out all right, you'll see ( colloq)

echa p'alante, que ya llegamos keep going, we're nearly there

■ echarse

v pron

Sentido I

A

1 (tirarse, arrojarse) to throw oneself

nos echamos al suelo we threw ourselves to the ground

se echó en sus brazos she threw o flung herself into his arms

se echó de cabeza al agua she dived into the water

échate hacia atrás lean back

la noche se nos echó encima night fell suddenly, it was night before we knew it

echarse a perder «comida» to go bad, go off ( BrE);

«proyecto/preparativos» to be ruined

se me echó a perder el televisor my television's broken

era muy bonita pero se ha echado a perder she used to be very pretty but she's lost her looks

desde que se ha juntado con ellos se ha echado a perder since he started hanging out with them he's gone off the rails ( colloq)

encima

2 (tumbarse, acostarse) to lie down

se echó en la cama he lay down on the bed

me voy a echar un rato I'm going to lie down for a while, I'm going to have a lie-down ( BrE)

3 (apartarse, moverse) (+ compl):

se echó a un lado she moved to one side

me tuve que echar a la cuneta I had to go off the edge of the road

échate para allá y nos podremos sentar todos if you move over that way a bit we can all sit down

echarse atrás to back out

dijo que iba a venir, pero luego se echó atrás she said she was going to come, but then she changed her mind o pulled out o backed out

cuando vieron que iba a ser difícil se echaron atrás when they saw that it was going to be difficult, they got cold feet o backed out

echárselas ( Chi fam): el jefe no le quiso pagar más y se las echó the boss didn't want to pay him any more so he upped and left ( colloq)

se las echó cerro arriba he went off up the hill

echárselas de algo ( fam): se las echa de culto he likes to think he's cultured

se las echa de gran conocedor de vinos he claims to be o makes out he is a bit of a wine connoisseur, he likes to think of himself as o ( BrE) he fancies himself as a bit of a wine connoisseur ( colloq)

B

1 (ponerse) to put on

échate crema o te quemarás con este sol put some cream on or you'll burn in this sun

se echó el abrigo por los hombros she threw the coat around her shoulders

espalda

2 ( fam) ‹novio/novia›

se ha echado novia he's found o got himself a girlfriend

3 ( Méx fam) (tragarse) to drink

C (expulsar) ‹pedo›

¿quién se ha echado un pedo? who's let off o farted? ( colloq)

D ( Méx fam) (romper) to break

echarse a algn al plato ( Méx fam); to bump sb off ( colloq)

E ( Col fam) (tardar) ‹horas/días› to take

Sentido II (empezar) echarse A + INF to start -ING o start to + INF

se echó a llorar he started crying o to cry, he burst into tears

se echaron a reír they started laughing o to laugh, they burst out laughing

se echó a correr cuesta abajo he ran o he set off at a run down the hill

sólo de pensarlo me echo a temblar just thinking about it gives me the shivers ( colloq)

* * *

echar ( conjugate echar) verbo transitivo
1
a) (lanzar, tirar) to throw;

◊ lo eché a la basura I threw it out o away;

echó la moneda al aire he tossed the coin;
echaron el ancla/la red they cast anchor/their net;
echó la cabeza hacia atrás she threw her head back;
echar algo a perder to ruin sth;
echar de menos algo/a algn to miss sth/sb
b)

◊ echar abajo ‹ edificio› to pull down;

‹ gobierno› to bring down;
‹ proyecto› to destroy;
‹ esperanzas› to dash;
‹ moral› to undermine;
‹puerta/valla› to break … down
2 ( expulsar) ‹ persona› ( de trabajo) to fire (colloq), to sack (BrE colloq);
(de bar, casa) to throw … out;
( de colegio) to expel
3 ‹ carta› to mail (AmE), to post (BrE)
4
a) (pasar, correr) ‹ cortinas› to pull, draw;

◊ échale (la) llave lock it;

¿echaste el cerrojo? did you bolt the door?
b) ( mover):

◊ lo echó para atrás/a un lado she pushed (o moved etc) it backward(s)/to one side

5
a) (expeler, despedir) ‹olor/humo/chispas› to give off

b) ( producir) ‹ hojas› to sprout;

◊ ya está echando flores it's flowering already

1
a) ( poner) ‹leña/carbón› to put;

‹ gasolina› to put in;
◊ ¿le echas azúcar al café? do you take sugar in your coffee?

b) (servir, dar) to give;

◊ échame un poco de vino can you give me a little wine?

c) ‹ trago› to have

2
a) ‹sermón/discurso› (fam) (+ me/te/le etc) to give;

◊ le echó una maldición she put a curse on him

b) (fam) ‹condena/multa› (+ me/te/le etc) to give;

◊ echarle la culpa a algn to put o lay the blame on sb

3 (fam) ( calcular) (+ me/te/le etc):
◊ ¿cuántos años me echas? how old do you think I am?;

de aquí a tu casa échale una hora it's o it takes about an hour from here to your house
4 (Esp fam) (dar, exhibir) ‹programa/película› to show
echarse verbo pronominal
1
a) (tirarse, arrojarse) to throw oneself;

◊ me eché al suelo I threw myself to the ground;

echarse de cabeza al agua to dive into the water;
echarse a perder [ comida] to go bad, go off (BrE);

[cosecha/proyecto/plan] to be ruined
b) (tumbarse, acostarse) to lie down

c) (apartarse, moverse) (+ compl):

◊ se echó a un lado she moved to one side;

échate un poco para allá move over that way a bit;
echarse atrás to back out
2
a) ( ponerse) ‹crema/bronceador› to put on

b) ‹ cigarillo› to have

c) (Esp fam) ‹novio/novia›:

◊ se ha echado novia he's found o got himself a girlfriend

d) (Méx fam) ( beberse) to drink

3 (Méx fam) ( romper) to break
4 (Col fam) ( tardar) ‹horas/días› to take
5 ( empezar) echarse a to start o begin to, start o begin;
◊ se echó a correr he started to run o started running;

las palomas se echaron a volar the doves flew off
echar
I verbo transitivo
1 (por el aire) to throw: ¡echa la pelota!, throw us the ball
2 (añadir) to put
(una bebida) to pour
(gasolina) to put petrol (in the car): échale más agua al caldo, put more water in the soup
3 (despedir: humo, olor) to give off: este motor echa chispas, there are sparks coming out of this engine
(del trabajo) to sack, fire
(obligar a salir) to throw out: le echaron del instituto, they expelled him from school
4 (calcular subjetivamente) to reckon: le echó más años, he thought she was older
5 fam (un espectáculo) to show
6 (derribar) echar abajo, (edificio) to demolish
7 (+ sustantivo) figurado échale una ojeada a esto, have a look at this
figurado echarle una mano a alguien, to give sb a hand
8 echar de menos o en falta, to miss ➣ Ver nota en miss
II vi (+ a + infinitivo) (empezar) to begin to: echó a andar, she started to walk
de repente echó a correr, she suddenly started to run
' echar' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
añorar
- balón
- bautizar
- borda
- botar
- bronca
- buenaventura
- cabezada
- campana
- cana
- capote
- cara
- cierre
- correo
- extrañar
- falta
- guante
- jarra
- jarro
- leña
- mano
- mirada
- ojo
- olvidarse
- papilla
- película
- perder
- peste
- polvo
- pulso
- resto
- saco
- salar
- sapo
- siesta
- sortear
- suerte
- tierra
- tirar
- vista
- vistazo
- amarra
- ancla
- barriga
- basura
- brote
- buzón
- calle
- carta
- casa
English:
anchor
- arm wrestle
- belch
- blame
- boot
- boot out
- brake
- browse
- bud
- cast
- catapult
- chase away
- chuck out
- demolish
- dip into
- discharge
- door
- doze
- draw
- evict
- explode
- eye
- fill out
- fire
- forget
- froth
- fuel
- fume
- glance down
- glance round
- hair
- hex
- jettison
- kick out
- lace
- launch
- lay
- lend
- lie down
- lock up
- look
- lot
- mail
- miss
- muck up
- peep
- post
- puff
- pull apart
- put

* * *

echar

♦ vt

1. [tirar] to throw;
[red] to cast;
echar anclas, echar el ancla to drop anchor;

échame el balón throw me the ball;

echar algo a la basura to throw sth in the Br bin o US garbage can;

echar una moneda al aire to toss a coin;

échalo en la cesta de la ropa sucia put it in the dirty-clothes basket;

echar una piedra por la ventana to throw a stone through the window;

echar abajo [edificio] to pull down, to demolish;
[puerta] to break down; [gobierno] to bring down; [proyecto] to ruin
2. [meter, poner] to put;

echa suficiente ropa en la maleta make sure you pack enough clothes in your suitcase;

échalo en el asiento de atrás put it on the back seat;

echa esta camisa a la lavadora put that shirt in the washing machine;

echa una firma en esta postal sign o put your name on this postcard;

Comp

echar leña al fuego to add fuel to the fire;

Comp
Fam
echar el resto: queda sólo una semana, ahora hay que echar el resto there's only a week to go, so from now on we really have to give it our all

3. [carta, postal] to post, US to mail;

¿(me) podrías echar esta carta? could you post o US mail this letter (for me)?;

echó la carta al buzón y siguió caminando he put the letter in the postbox o US mailbox and walked on;

echar algo al correo to put sth in the post, to post sth, US to mail sth

4. [trago, sorbo] to take, to have;
[cigarrillo] to have
5. [vistazo] to take, to have;

le he echado una mirada, pero no me parece interesante I've had a look at it, but I don't think it's very interesting

6. [mover] [parte del cuerpo]
echa la pierna a un lado move your leg aside;

echó la cabeza hacia atrás she threw her head back;

echa los hombros para atrás y saca el pecho put your shoulders back and stick your chest out

7. [añadir] [vino, agua] to pour (a o en into); [sal, azúcar] to add (a o en to);
échame más agua, por favor could you pour me some more water, please?;

no me eches tanta azúcar en el café don't put so much sugar in my coffee

8. [dar] [comida, bebida] to give;

echa alpiste al canario give the canary some birdseed;

hay que echar agua a las plantas we need to water the plants;

Comp
Fam
lo que me/te/le etc[m5]. echen: [m5] Alberto come lo que le echen Alberto will eat whatever you put in front of him;

es un hombre muy paciente, aguanta lo que le eches he's a very patient man, he puts up with anything you can throw at him

9. [decir] [discurso, sermón] to give;
[reprimenda] to dish out; [piropo, cumplido] to pay;
echar una maldición a alguien to put a curse on sb;
Fam
le echaron una bronca por llegar tarde they told her off for arriving late;

me echó en cara que no le hubiera ayudado she reproached me for not helping her

10. [humo, vapor, chispas] to give off, to emit;

la fábrica echa mucho humo a la atmósfera the factory pours out a lot of smoke into the atmosphere;

Comp
Fam
está que echa humo he's fuming;

Comp
Fam
echar pestes o Méx [m5]madres: volvió de vacaciones echando pestes o Méx [m5] madres del lugar she came back from her Br holiday o US vacation cursing the place where she had stayed

11. [hojas, flores] to sprout, to shoot;
[raíces, pelo, barba] to begin to grow; [diente] to cut;
los almendros están echando flores the almond trees are beginning to flower;

está empezando a echar los dientes she's beginning to cut her teeth;
Fam
en los últimos meses ha echado mucha barriga he's developed quite a paunch over the past few months

12. [expulsar]
echar a alguien (de) to throw sb out (of);

le han echado del partido he's been expelled from the party;

le echaron de clase por hablar con un compañero he was thrown o sent out of the class for talking to a friend

13. [despedir]
echar a alguien (de) to fire o sack sb (from);

¡que lo echen! fire him!, sack him!, kick him out!

14. [accionar]
echar la llave/el cerrojo to lock/bolt the door;

echar el freno to brake, to put the brakes on;
Fam Fig
¡echa el freno! ¿estás seguro de que podemos pagarlo? hold your horses, are you sure we can afford it?

15. [acostar] to lie (down);

¿has echado al bebé? have you put the baby to bed?

16. [tiempo]
le he echado dos semanas a este proyecto I've taken two weeks over this project, I've spent two weeks on this project;

echaron dos horas en llegar a Bogotá it took them two hours to get to Bogotá

17. [calcular]
¿cuántos años le echas? how old do you reckon he is?;

siempre me echan años de menos people always think I'm younger than I really am;

échale que de aquí a Málaga haya 600 kilómetros let's say it's about 600 kilometres from here to Malaga

18. [naipe, partida] to play;

te echo una carrera I'll race you;

¿echamos un dominó? shall we have a game of dominoes?

19. [buenaventura] to tell;

echar las cartas a alguien to read sb's fortune [from the cards]

20. [emplear]
le echó muchas ganas al asunto he went about it with a will;

le echan mucha ilusión a todo lo que hacen they put a lot of enthusiasm into everything they do;

échale más brío al pedaleo put a bit more energy into the pedalling;

los ladrones le echaron mucho ingenio the thieves showed a lot of ingenuity

21. Fam [sentencia]
le echaron diez años he got ten years

22. Fam [documento]
tengo que ir a echar una instancia al Ministerio I've got to go and hand in a form at the ministry

23. Esp Fam [en televisión, cine, teatro] to show;

¿qué echan esta noche en la tele? what's on TV o Br telly tonight?;

¿qué echan en el Rialto? what's on o showing at the Rialto?;

echan una película de acción they're showing an action movie

24. Am [animales] to urge on

25. [otras contrucciones]
echar a perder algo [vestido, alimentos, plan] to ruin sth;
[ocasión] to waste sth;
no puedes echar todo a perder, después de tanto esfuerzo you can't just throw it all away after all that effort;

echar algo a cara o cruz to toss (a coin) for sth;

echar algo a suertes to draw lots for sth;

echar de menos to miss;

le echa mucho de menos he misses her a lot;

echo de menos mi casa I miss my house;
Chile
echarlas to run away;

echar algo por tierra to put paid to sth, to ruin sth;

eso echa por tierra todas nuestras esperanzas that dashes all our hopes

♦ vi

1. [encaminarse]
echar por la calle arriba to go o head up the street;

echar por la derecha to go (to the) right

2. [empezar]
echar a andar to set off;

echar a correr to break into a run;

echar a llorar to burst into tears;

echar a reír to burst out laughing;

echar a volar to fly off

♦ See also the pronominal verb echarse

* * *

echar

I v/t

1 ( lanzar) throw; de un lugar throw out;

lo han echado del trabajo he’s been fired;

echar abajo pull down, destroy

2 humo give off

3 ( poner) put

4 carta mail, Br tb

post

5

:

echar la culpa a alguien blame s.o., put the blame on s.o.;

me echó 40 años he thought I was 40

II v/i

:

echar a start to, begin to;

echar a correr start o begin to run, start running

* * *

echar vt

1) lanzar: to throw, to cast, to hurl

2) expulsar: to throw out, to expel

3) emitir: to emit, give off

4) brotar: to sprout, to put forth

5) despedir: to fire, to dismiss

6) : to put in, to add

7)

echar a perder : to spoil, to ruin

8)

echar de menos : to miss

echan de menos a su madre: they miss their mother

echar vi

1) : to start off

2)

echar a : to begin to

♦ See also the reflexive verb echarse

* * *

echar vb

1. (tirar) to throw [pt. threw; pp. thrown]

échame la pelota throw me the ball

2. (expulsar) to expel [pt. & pp. expelled] / to throw out

lo han echado del colegio he's been expelled from school

nos echó de su casa she threw us out of her house

3. (poner) to put [pt. & pp. put]

¿has echado sal al arroz? have you put any salt in the rice?

4. (dar) to give [pt. gave; pp. given]

me has echado demasiado, no creo que pueda comérmelo you've given me too much I don't think I can eat it all

mi padre me ha echado un sermón my father gave me a lecture

5. (verter) to pour

échame un poco de zumo pour me some juice

6. (emitir) to give out

la chimenea echa mucho humo there's a lot of smoke coming from the chimney

7. (jugar) to play / to have

¿echamos una partida de ajedrez? shall we have a game of chess?

8. (proyectar) to be on

¿qué echan hoy en televisión? what's on television tonight?

9. (calcular) to think [pt. & pp. thought] / to guess

¿cuántos años me echas? how old do you think I am?

te echo 25 años I think you're 25

echar a cara o cruz to toss a coin for it

echar a hacer algo to start doing something

echar de menos to miss

echar el cerrojo to bolt the door

echar una carta al buzón to post a letter

echar una mirada to look

Spanish-English dictionary > echar

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См. также в других словарях:

break down phrasal — verb 1 MACHINE (I) if a large machine, especially a car, breaks down, it stops working: The elevators in this building are always breaking down. 2 FAIL (I) if a discussion, system etc breaks down, it fails because there are problems: Peace talks… … Longman dictionary of contemporary English
break — break1 W1S1 [breık] v past tense broke [brəuk US brouk] past participle broken [ˈbrəukən US ˈbrou ] ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬ 1¦(separate into pieces)¦ 2¦(bones)¦ 3¦(machines)¦ 4¦(rules/laws)¦ 5¦(promise/agreement)¦ 6¦(stop/rest)¦ 7¦(end something)¦ … Dictionary of contemporary English
break*/*/*/ — [breɪk] (past tense broke [brəʊk] ; past participle broken [ˈbrəʊkən] ) verb I 1) [I/T] if something breaks, or if you break it, it separates into two or more pieces when it is hit, dropped etc I broke two dishes this morning.[/ex] Joey broke… … Dictionary for writing and speaking English
Break — A rapid and sharp price decline. The New York Times Financial Glossary * * * ▪ I. break break 1 [breɪk] verb broke PASTTENSE [brəʊk ǁ broʊk] broken PASTPART [ˈbrəʊkən ǁ … Financial and business terms
break — A sudden price move; prices may break up or down. The CENTER ONLINE Futures Glossary A rapid and sharp price decline. Related: crash. Bloomberg Financial Dictionary * * * ▪ I. break break 1 [breɪk] verb broke PASTTENSE [brəʊk ǁ broʊk] … Financial and business terms
break — {{Roman}}I.{{/Roman}} noun 1 short rest; short holiday/vacation ADJECTIVE ▪ little, quick, short ▪ coffee, dinner (esp. BrE), lunch, tea (BrE) ▪ … Collocations dictionary
break — 1 /breIk/ verb past tense broke, past participle broken 1 IN PIECES a) (T) to make something separate into two or more pieces, for example by hitting it, dropping it, or bending it: The thieves got in by breaking a window. | break sth in two/in… … Longman dictionary of contemporary English
ˌbreak (sth) ˈdown — phrasal verb if a substance breaks down, or if it is broken down, it separates into the parts that it is made up of The substance is easily broken down by bacteria.[/ex] … Dictionary for writing and speaking English
sob — {{Roman}}I.{{/Roman}} noun ADJECTIVE ▪ big, deep, great ▪ little, small ▪ loud ▪ quiet … Collocations dictionary
fall — fall1 W1S1 [fo:l US fo:l] v past tense fell [fel] past participle fallen [ˈfo:lən US ˈfo:l ] ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬ 1¦(move downwards)¦ 2¦(stop standing/walking etc)¦ 3¦(decrease)¦ 4¦(become)¦ 5¦(belong to a group)¦ 6 fall short of something 7 fall victim/prey… … Dictionary of contemporary English
come — 1 /kVm/ verb past tense came past participle come MOVE 1 (I) a word meaning to move towards someone, or to visit or arrive at a place, used when the person speaking or the person listening is in that place: Come a little closer. | Sarah s coming… … Longman dictionary of contemporary English

Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

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to break down into sth

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Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

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to break down into sth

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